The influence of various external parameters on the mechanical properties of the vitreous of pig eyes as characterized by a spring constant D₀ and a friction constant r_z was investigated. For human donor eyes, D₀ turned out to be about 60% larger than in pig eyes, whereas the friction constant was increased by roughly 25%.

Measurements of dielectric constant and loss at 2.1-mm wavelength have been carried out upon benzene, cyclohexane, n-heptane, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, and tetrachloroethylene, and similar measurements at centimeter wavelengths have been carried out where needed. The infrared absorption spectra of the liquids were measured from 17-170 em-I. The points for dielectric absorption fit on a smooth curve drawn through the infrared absorption points. Similar measurements have been made upon several binary mixtures of these liquids. Measurements upon liquids to which very small quantities of water have been added show that the effect of water can be corrected for or disregarded. Relaxation times calculated from the dielectric constant and loss measurements are close to 1 X 10-12 sec for all of the liquids, which is the magnitude of the time between the collisions of a molecule in the liquid with its neighbors. Apparent dipole moments calculated for the molecules from these measurements are close to 0.1 D and in satisfactory agreement with values of the dipole moments calculated as induced by the quadrupole or octopole moments of neighboring molecules.•

The theory and apparatus for a Michelson interferometer for the precise measurement of dielectric constant and loss of liquids at 2.1-mm wavelength are described. The probable error of the dielectric-constant measurements is 0.2%. The probable error of the loss measurements is 2% or ±0.0002, whichever is higher. The dielectric constants and losses of dilute solutions of chlorobenzene in benzene have been measured at 2.1-mm wavelength at 20° and compared in the light of existing lower-frequency data. The dielectric constants and losses of several nonpolar and slightly polar liquids have also been measured at 2.1-mm wavelength at 20°. The presence of appreciable losses in benzene and carbon tetrachloride has been confirmed. Measured losses in cyclohexane and n-heptane are considerably lower than those in benzene and carbon tetrachloride.

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