This work presents a 28 GHz Dual Element Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Planar Inverted-F Antenna for millimeter wave 5G mobile terminal. The antenna design employs PIFA design concept as it is a common antenna type use for mobile phone as it provides wide bandwidth and good performance. The antenna design begins with a characterization of the single element PIFA design and then extended to Dual Element MIMO PIFA design. The single element PIFA design is enhanced to MIMO design by extending the ground plane and locate the second PIFA at the other end. Isolation between the antenna elements of the MIMO PIFA is analyzed by varying the gap distance between the antenna elements. The result for Envelope Correlation Coefficient, Diversity Gain and Multiplexing Efficiency is also presented. The simulation computed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software.

Due to its popularity, antennas implemented on conductive textiles has been widely investigated. Prototypes of the fully textile antennas are also usually pre-investigated using conductive foil which is more homogeneous and provides better mechanical consistency. However, in today's practical application, various electronic devices are still implemented on low-cost FR4 boards, popular in the printed circuit board (PCB) technology. This work aims to evaluate the case of a FR4-textile hybridization scheme, and compare it with another two types of antennas, which are implemented either on a similar-sized copper foil prototype and a fully textile single layered rectangular patch structure. Through the work done, it is then possible to better estimate the shift in terms of S11, due to the dissimilar conductivity and fringing fields with different dielectric load. A measure of gain-efficiency reduction when placed in proximity to a human body model in simulation is also evaluated. As a result of this investigation, the copper foil antenna is established to be producing the least gain reduction, and slightest S11 detuning on human arm. On the other hand, hybrid and fully textile antennas behaved very similarly in terms of S11 and bandwidth, both in free space and on arm.

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