No abstract

Summary Ten maleinated jojoba oil derivatives were screened as plasticizers in a standard polyvinyl resin formulation and as softeners for Buna‐N rubber. Three of these, the methyl and butyl esters and hydrogenated methyl esters of maleinated jojoba acids, were comparable to the reference standard, DOP, as primary plasticizers for the vinyl resin. Three others were satisfactory only as secondary plasticizers. Six of the derivatives were comparable to the reference softener, dibutyl sebacate, as softeners in a Buna‐N formulation and yielded rubbers meeting the low temperature flexibility requirements (−40°C.) of the automotive industry. Two of the six, those made with the butyl and hydrogenated butyl esters of maleinated jojoba acids, met the still more stringent low‐temperature requirements of the aircraft industry (−55°C.). In general, hydrogenation of a derivative adversely affected its compatibility in either the vinyl copolymer or the Buna‐N formulations.

SummaryEight derivatives of tung oil, namely, the methyl vinyl ketone, dimethyl maleate, methyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile adducts, and their hydrogenated products, were prepared and screened as softeners for Buna‐N rubber with dibutyl sebacate, as the control. Five of the eight products evaluated yielded stocks that met the low‐temperature flexibility requirements (−40°C.) of the automotive industry. In all cases the stocks prepared from the unhydrogenated derivatives were superior in plasticizing efficiency to the stocks prepared from their hydrogenated counterparts or to those prepared from the control.

Four divinyl sulfone‐eleostearate adducts were synthesized and compared with dibutyl sebacate as plastieizers for nitrile rubber. Three of these, the adducts of methylalpha‐eleostearate, its hydrogenated derivative, and that of tung oil, were found to be satisfactory primary plastieizers. The stocks prepared from the unhydrogenated adducts were superior in plasticizing efficiency to those prepared from their hydrogenated derivatives. The divinyl sulfone‐tung oil adduct yielded a rubber which met the low‐temperature flexibility requirements (−40°C.) of the automotive industry.