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During recent years, water management in The Netherlands has been broadening its scope by: (a) including aspects of economics, sociology and physical planning, and (b) introducing interactive policy making; this paper illustrates these developments using the Westerschelde estuary as an example. The Westerschelde strategy aims at optimizing the multi‐national use of this estuary. The main functions are navigation and ecology, and the paper shows how these functions can be combined. An interactive management model, the ‘COSMO‐Westerschelde’is described, which assists decision makers in comparing strategies for estuarine management under different scenarios.