In this paper we are going to analyze the energy consumption in MANET by applying the fitness function to optimize the energy consumption in ad hoc on demand multipath distance vector (AOMDV) routing protocol. The proposed protocol is AOMDV with the fitness function (FF-AOMDV). The fitness function is mainly used to find the optimal path from source node to destination node to reduce the energy consumption in multipath routing. The performance of FF-AOMDV protocol has been evaluated by using network simulator version 2, where the performance is compared with optimized link state routing (OLSR) and AOMDV protocol.

Vehicular networks are faster moving networks that provide intelligent transport systems to passengers with the internet and ensures comfort and safety drive. Trustworthy of the messages transmitted over the vehicular networks is threatening as false messages received by the vehicle lead to a high risk of the passengers travelling in that vehicle. Therefore, security is a major constraint in vehicular networks to ensure a safer journey of the driver and the individuals. In this paper, we suggest a security-aware routing protocol (SARP) for vehicular networks based on blockchain technology. This SARP protocol speedily updates the status of abandoned vehicles in the OpenFlow switch layer and also reduces the communication and computation overhead by relieving dependency on the authority for trusted identity verification. In the proposed work, vehicles send and receive cryptographically encrypted messages created using the blockchain technology with a privacypreserving algorithm. The authentication of the vehicles in VANET is given by the OpenFlow switch which applies falsy detect rule optimization algorithm (FDRO) to find the malicious vehicles which try to create false messages. The implementation of this SARP protocol and FDRO algorithm are performed in the Network Simulator tool (NS3) and the efficiency and performance of the algorithm have been validated using the NS3 simulation environment.

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