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Motility behaviour of spermatozoa in 289 ejaculates was investigated by laser-Doppler-spectroscopy in the andrology-laboratory of the University Hospital for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graz/Austria. Conventional spermiograms, performed on the same ejaculates, permitted comparisons between estimated motility and lasermeasurements, comprising the following parameters: Total sperm motility, mean sperm velocity, percentages of progressive motile spermatozoa and mean progressive velocity.In order to elucidate the importance of sperm motility for the fertilization of oocytes in vivo and in vitro, ejaculates of six different groups of patients were evaluated. In vivo: 173 patients from the andrologic outpatient service (group A); 38 patients from the andrologic outpatient service, whose wifes became pregnant (group B) and 20 donors with recently proved fertility (group C).In vitro: 8 patients, whose ejaculates failed to fertilize the oocytes (group D); 39 patients with successful fertilization (group E) and 12 patients with ongoing, clinical pregnancy of their wifes after ivF (group F). In addition, motility behaviour was assessed in native ejaculates 24 hours after ejaculation, as well as changes in sperm motility after capacitation.Statistical evaluations of group comparisons revealed a good correlation between estimated results and laser measurements. Mean sperm velocity and progressive sperm motility are the most selective parameters within the groups. Subdivision into four spermiogram diagnoses revealed the most distinctive group differences in oligozoospermic ejaculates. Besides motility, morphology is of importance in vivo as well as in vitro.Based on the results of measurements obtained in the different groups, the following guidelines for standard values in laser-Doppler-spectroscopy are proposed: Total sperm motility > 53%; mean sperm velocity > 42 pm/sec.; progressive sperm motility > 34% and mean progressive velocity > 68 pm/sec. If these values are not reached, medical treatment is recommended. Die Bedeutung der Spermatozoenmotilitat fur die Fertilisierung menschlicher Oozyten in vivo und in vitroZusammenfassung: Das Motilitatsverhalten der Spermatozoen in 289 Ejakulaten wurde im andrologischen Labor der geburtshilflich-gynakologischen Universitatsklinik, Graz, mittels Laser-Doppler-Spektroskopie analysiert. Die gleichzeitig durchgefuhrten konventionellen Spermiogramme erlaubten einen Vergleich zwischen Motilitatsschatzungen und

In a long-term follow-up study we compared preoperative testicular position, age at orchiopexy, and morphology of testicular biopsies investigated at orchiopexy to sperm analysis results, testicular volume, and serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels at follow-up in 46 men with a history of surgical correction of cryptorchidism in childhood. They had undergone orchiopexy at age 1.5-12.0 years, 24 for unilateral and 22 for bilateral cryptorchidism. Eleven (46%) of the 24 patients with unilateral and 7 (32%) of the 22 with bilateral undescended testes had a normal sperm analysis, whereas in men with impaired spermiogenesis oligo-asthenozoospermia was the predominant feature. Three (13.6%) patients with bilateral cryptorchidism showed azoospermia, but none of the patients with unilateral cryptorchidism did. Neither the age at orchiopexy nor the average germ-cell count per cross-sectioned seminiferous tubule of testicular biopsies examined at orchiopexy correlated significantly with subsequent sperm analysis results or gonadotropin levels at follow-up. The pretreatment testicular position ("testicular position value") has a high prognostic value for prediction of subsequent sperm analysis results and serum gonadotropin levels.

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Human spermatozoa from 87 donors with normal or pathologic semen specimen were examined for the expression of HLA‐class I and class II antigens as well as ß2‐microglobulin (ß2m)using a panel of monoclonal antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescence test. The results make it very unlikely that HLA‐class I and class II molecules as well as ß2m are expressed on human sperm cells.