The objective of the current study was to develop and validate a simple, precise and accurate isocratic stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) assay method for the determination of spironolactone and furosemide in solid pharmaceutical dosage forms. Isocratic RP-HPLC separation was achieved on an SGE 150 × 4.6 mm SS Wakosil II 5C8RS 5-μm column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile-ammonium acetate buffer (50:50, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection was carried out at 254 nm using a photodiode array detector. The drug was subject to oxidation, hydrolysis, photolysis and heat to apply stress conditions. The method was validated for specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness and solution stability. The method was found to be linear in the drug concentration range of 40-160 µg/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9977 and 0.9953 for spironolactone and furosemide, respectively. The precision (relative standard deviation; RSD) among a six-sample preparation was 0.87% and 1.1% for spironolactone and furosemide, respectively. Repeatability and intermediate precision (RSD) among a six-sample preparation were 0.46% and 0.20% for spironolactone and furosemide, respectively. The accuracy (recovery) was between 98.05 and 100.17% and 99.07 and 100.58% for spironolactone and furosemide, respectively. Degradation products produced as a result of stress studies did not interfere with the detection of spironolactone and furosemide; therefore, the assay can be considered to be stability-indicating.

Background Schwannomas, also known as neurilemmomas, are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. They originate from any nerve covered with schwann cell sheath. Schwannomas constitute 25–45% of tumors of the head and neck. About 4% of head and neck schwannomas present as a sinonasal schwannoma. Brachial plexus schwannoma constitute only about 5% of schwannomas. Cervical vagal schwannomas constitute about 2–5% of neurogenic tumors. Methods We present a case series of 5 patients of schwannomas, one arising from the maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve in the maxillary sinus, second arising from the brachial plexus, third arising from the cervical vagus, and two arising from cervical spinal nerves. Result Complete extracapsular excision of the tumors was achieved by microneurosurgical technique with preservation of nerve of origin in all except one. Conclusion Head and neck schwannoma though rare should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a unilateral slow growing mass in the head and neck region, particularly in an adult. Schwannomas are always a diagnostic dilemma as they are asymptomatic for long time, and histopathology is the gold standard for diagnosis. As a rule, treatment is surgical and dictated by the location of the tumor and nerve of origin. Due to its rarity, complex anatomical location and morbidity risk postexcision, they can pose a formidable challenge to surgeons. This study aims to describe the presentation, workup, surgical technique, and outcome.

The new compounds 1-aryl-3-{1-phenyl-3-[p (methylthio)phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl}-2-propen-1-ones 2a?l were prepared by the condensation of 1-phenyl-3-[p (methylthio)phenyl]-4-formylpyrazole 1 with different aryl ketones. Compounds 2a?l in reaction with hydrazine hydrate yielded 3-aryl-5-{1-phenyl-3-[p-(methylthio)phenyl]pyrazol-4 yl}-4,5-dihydro-(1H)-pyrazoles 3a?l and in the presence of hydrazine hydrate in glacial acetic acid gave 1-acetyl-3-aryl 5-{1-phenyl-3-[p-(methylthio)phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl}-4,5 dihydro-(1H)-pyrazoles 4a?l. These compounds were tested in vitro for their antitubercular and antimicrobial activities. The in vitro antimycobacterial activity of the newly synthesized compounds was investigated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV (ATCC 27294) in BACTEC 12B medium using the ALAMAR radiometric system. The antimicrobial in vitro activity was tested against Bacillus coccous, Bacillus subtilis Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. The structures of the synthesized compounds were assigned on the basis of elemental analysis IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data.

An efficient and simple three-component domino synthesis of some new dihydropyrimidines (DHPMs) from aromatic aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)urea using molecular iodine as catalyst is described. The 1-substituted dihydropyrimidines were isolated in good to excellent yields (78-90%) within a short reaction time (4-6 h) at ambient temperature. The biological evaluation revealed that the newly synthesized compounds (4a-i and 5a-i) exhibited moderate antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37) RV.

The required compounds N-aryl-N'-(3-chloro-2-benzo[b]thenoyl)-thioureas 1a-k were prepared by condensing 3-chloro-2-benzo[b]thenoyl chloride with different arylamines using ammonium thiocyanate, which in turn when treated with chloroacetic acid, yielded 1-aryl-3-(3-chloro-2-benzo[b]thenoyl)thiohydantoins 2a-k, while in the presence of sodium acetate treated with chloroacetic acid, yielded 2-arylimino-3-(3-chloro-2-benzo[b]thenoyl)-4-thiazolidinones 3a-k. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antitubercular and antimicrobial activities. Some selected compounds were selected for their further antitubercular screening.