U t STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional. U t BACKGROUND:Generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) may increase pain and likelihood of injuries and also decrease function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in elite-level adolescent athletes. U t OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence of GJH in elite-level adolescent athletes, and to study the association of GJH with pain, function, HRQoL, and musculoskeletal injuries. U t METHODS:A total of 132 elite-level adolescent athletes (36 adolescent boys, 96 adolescent girls; mean ± SD age, 14.0 ± 0.9 years), including ballet dancers (n = 22), TeamGym gymnasts (n = 57), and team handball players (n = 53), participated in the study. Generalized joint hypermobility was classified by Beighton score as GJH4 (4/9 or greater), GJH5 (5/9 or greater), and GJH6 (6/9 or greater). Function of the lower extremity, musculoskeletal injuries, and HRQoL were assessed with self-reported questionnaires, and part of physical performance was assessed by 4 postural-sway tests and 2 single-legged hop-for-distance tests. U t RESULTS:Overall prevalence rates for GJH4, GJH5, and GJH6 were 27.3%, 15.9%, and 6.8%,

Different types of competitive sports exert different effects on the various subsystems of posture control, where especially shooting competitors demonstrate a significantly better posture regulation. Those effects can be parameterised and quantified with the IBS which thus enables an efficient and purposeful training. Furthermore, the IBS is highly suitable for aptitude screening in sports with high posture regulatory demands (shooting competitions, gymnastics, diving etc.).

The lungs of pigs receiving long‐term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) have been studied. A total of 20 pigs were tentatively infused with TPN through central venous catheters for 7 weeks. To secure adequate nutrition and gastrointestinal absorbance of nutrients, an additional full oral diet was given to eight of these animals. Fifteen control animals received Ringer solution through central venous catheters in addition to the oral diet. All animals infused with TPN for 7 weeks developed lung granulomas, a finding not observed in control animals. No lung granulomas were seen in three TPN animals sacrificed after 3 to 5 weeks owing to illness. All TPN animals also developed tissue reactions suggesting long‐standing lung vascular inflammation. Similar vascular changes were seen in seven control animals that had bacterial infection or endotoxemia. The total amount of neutral fat in lung homogenate tended to increase in animals given TPN, and the linoleic acid content was significantly increased. In conclusion, long‐term TPN caused lung granulomas in pigs. Vascular damage seemed to be accelerated by bacterial infection as well as by the TPN. The tissue reactions presumably involved long‐term activation of monocytes/macrophages.

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