. Assessing resistance to spring black stem and leaf spot of alfalfa caused by Phoma spp. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 311-317. The disease reaction of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cultivars to spring black stem was evaluated in field trials and greenhouse experiments. In field trials, differences in cultivar reaction to leaf spot (predominantly spring black stem) were observed in 9 of 16 station years. The reaction of certain cultivars was consistent across most trials, but other cultivars were quite variable. Under controlled conditions, one isolate each of Phoma sclerotioides and P. exigua produced symptoms on alfalfa leaves that were similar to those caused by P. medicaginis. These results indicate that P. medicaginis is not the only pathogen responsible for symptoms of spring black stem on alfalfa in the prairie region. In a detached-leaf study, one isolate each of P. medicaginis, P. sclerotioides and P. exigua produced leaf lesions on all 18 alfalfa cultivars assessed. Disease incidence in Absolute, Algonquin, Pickseed 3006 and Anik (M. sativa subsp. falcata) was lower than in 630 and AC Blue J. Inoculation of eight selected cultivars using a range of spore concentrations under controlled conditions showed a similar pattern; all three isolates produced leaf lesions on all eight cultivars. Inoculation with conidial suspensions of P. medicaginis resulted in a lower disease incidence on Absolute than on Beaver.Key words: Medicago sativa, Medicago sativa subsp. falcata, Phoma medicaginis, P. sclerotioides, P. exigua, detached leaves.Wang, H., Hwang, S. F., Chang, K. F., Gossen, B. D., Turnbull, G. D. et Howard, R. J. 2004. Résistance à la tige noire printanière et à la tache des feuilles induite par Phoma sp. chez la luzerne. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 311-317. Les auteurs ont évalué la résistance des cultivars de luzerne (Medicago sativa) à la tige noire printanière dans le cadre d'essais aux champs et en serre. Dans le premier cas, les cultivars n'ont pas réagi de la même façon à la tache des feuilles (surtout la tige noire printanière) neuf années-stations sur seize. Si la réaction de certaines variétés était uniforme dans la majorité des essais, elle variait considérablement dans d'autres cas. En milieu contrôlé, un isolat de Phoma sclerotioides et de P. exigua présentaient chacun des symptômes similaires à ceux de P. medicaginis sur les feuilles de luzerne. On en déduit que P. medicaginis n'est pas le seul pathogène à l'origine de la tige noire printanière dans la région des Prairies. Lors d'une étude sur des feuilles détachées du plant, des isolats de P. medicaginis, de P. sclerotioides et de P. exigua ont tous produit des lésions sur les feuilles des 18 cultivars examinés. L'incidence de la maladie était plus faible chez les variétés Absolute, Algonquin, Pickseed 3006 et Anik (M. sativa ssp. falcata) que chez les cultivars 630 et AC Blue J. L'inoculation d'une série de concentrations de spores à huit cultivars dans des conditions contrôlées a donné des résultats analogues. Les trois isolats ont provoqué des lésions ...
. 2008. Effects of inoculum density, temperature, seeding depth, seeding date and fungicidal seed treatment on the impact of Rhizoctonia solani on lentil. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 799Á809. Rhizoctonia solani causes seedling blight and root rot in lentil, which reduces plant populations and the vigour and yield of surviving plants. Factors in the seedling environment, such as inoculum density, temperature, seeding depth, seeding date, and fungicidal seed treatment were studied to determine the degree to which they affect the impact of R. solani on lentil seedlings. Survival of lentil plants was evaluated after planting into soil artificially inoculated with various concentrations of a highly aggressive isolate of R. solani (AG-4). Emergence, seedling survival and shoot dry matter production decreased with increasing inoculum density, but these declines varied with temperature. Low soil temperatures delayed the emergence of lentil seedlings in non-inoculated soil, but in inoculated soils, emergence was inhibited with increasing temperatures. Depth of seeding did not affect seedling establishment, but root rot severity increased with depth of seeding in a growth cabinet trial. Root nodulation was reduced as root rot severity increased. In field experiments carried out over 3 station years, seeding date had a substantial effect on seedling emergence and yield of inoculated treatments, but the trends were not consistent between sites. In field assessments of fungicide efficacy, treatment of seed with thiabendazole plus carbathiin (Crown) and carbathiin plus thiram (Vitaflo 280) improved seedling establishment relative to the inoculated control.Key words: Lens culinaris, damping-off, root rot, seeding date, fungicide seed treatment depth of seeding, thiabendazole, carbathiin, thiram Chang, K. F., Hwang, S. F., Gossen, B. D., Turnbull, G. D., Wang, H. et Howard, R. J. 2008. Incidence de la densite´de l'inoculum, de la tempe´rature, de la profondeur des semis, de la date des semis et du traitement des semences avec un fongicide sur les ravages commis par Rhizoctonia solani sur la lentille. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 799Á809. Chez la lentille, Rhizoctonia solani entraıˆne la fonte des semis et le pourridie´, ce qui, non seulement, re´duit les peuplements mais aussi abaisse la vigueur et le rendement des plants survivants. Les auteurs ont examine´divers parame`tres de l'environnement de la plantule tels la densite´de l'inoculum, la tempe´rature, la profondeur des semis, la date des semis et le traitement des semences avec un fongicide, en vue d'e´tablir dans quelle mesure ces facteurs affectent les dommages cause´s par R. solani aux plants de lentille. La survie des pousses a e´te´e´value´e apre`s plantation dans du sol artificiellement contamine´avec plusieurs concentrations d'un isolat particulie`rement virulent de R. solani (AG-4). La leve´e, la survie des plantules et la production de matie`re se`che par la pousse diminuent quand la densite´de l'inoculum augmente, mais ces baisses fluctuent avec la tempe´rature. Quand il n'...
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