Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have shown huge application potential in the fields of micro–nano energy harvesting and multifunctional sensing. However, the damage of triboelectric material is one of the challenges for their practical applications. Herein, we fabricated a flexible TENG employing self-healing hydrogel and fluorinated ethylene propylene film as triboelectric materials for mechanical energy harvesting and pressure monitoring. The prepared hydrogel not only has excellent flexibility, transparency, and self-healing property but also exhibits good mechanical property without plastic deformation and damage under a large stretchable strain of 200%. The output electric signals of TENGs are as high as 33.0 V and 3 μA under a contact frequency of 0.40 Hz and a pressure of 2.9 N, respectively, which can charge a capacitor of 0.22 μF to 24.3 V within 300 s. Note that the voltage retention rate of TENGs after self-healing is up to 88.0%. Moreover, hydrogel-based TENGs can act as a wearable pressure sensor for monitoring human motion, exhibiting a high sensitivity of 105.9 mV/N or 1.73 nA/N under a contact frequency of 0.40 Hz. This research provides a reference roadmap for designing TENGs and self-powered pressure sensors with flexibility, self-healing, and robustness.

The fusion reaction may be significantly changed in a solid target due to electron screening on target nuclei while the projectile energy is very low. The electron screening effect of the D(d, p)T reaction in the deuterated metal Sm at low target temperature (T ∼ 133.2 K) has been studied in a deuteron energy region from 10 to 20 keV. The thick target yields of protons emitted in the D(d, p)T reaction were measured and compared with those data extrapolated from cross sections and stopping power data at higher energies. It is found that the reaction rates in Sm are enhanced over those of the bare nuclei. The screening potential in Sm under cooled conditions is deduced to be 520 ± 56 eV, which cannot be simply interpreted by the electron screening. The enhanced screening potential might be roughly interpreted with the classical plasma model of Debye, in which the screening potential decreases with increasing temperature while quasi-free metallic electrons are applied.

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