The Monitoring of paddy fields conducts to guarantee national food data. One of the ways is to use the Sentinel-1A (Synthetic-Aperture Radar) system with a spatial resolution of 10 meters and able to penetrate the clouds. The purpose of this research is the identification of the spatial distribution of rice planting period and planting patterns within one year. The variable is a value of rice plating period based on backscattered value on Sentinel-1A imagery. The image analysis method used supervised maximum likelihood classification with training sample based on ground truth survey to generate rice planting period. The rice planting periods was land preparation, vegetative, reproductive, generative, and fallow phase. The results showed that the backscatter value in the land preparation phase was very low (-25.81 dB), then continued to increase upon entering the vegetative phase (-20.64 dB), which achieve maximum value on reproductive phase (-14.82 dB). At the time of paddy field entering the generative phase, the backscatter value would drop to averages -17.76 dB. The fallow phase is characterized by backscatter values that are ascending or not patterned due to the absence of roughness changes on the paddy field’s surface. The results of the study found there are three times of rice planting period in Pabuaran Subdistrict. Moreover, the research found there are six rice planting patterns, which are (1) paddy-paddy-paddy, (2) paddy-paddy-fallow, (3) paddy-fallow-paddy, (4) fallow-paddy-paddy, (5) paddy-fallow-fallow, and (6) fallow-paddy-fallow. This research concludes that spatial distribution dominated with rice planting patterns is paddy-fallow-paddy and distributed spread around Pabuaran Subdistrict.
A successful sustainable city prioritizes humans by integrating the transportation system with urban development. One of which is considering walkability. The walkability concept is important since walking reduces congestion, promotes low environmental impacts, and possesses social and economic values. Land use integration with walkable pedestrian facilities is a challenge for stakeholders in creating policies to actualize a sustainable city. This paper reviews the walkability condition and policies concerning pedestrian facilities in Brisbane, Australia and Bogor, Indonesia. Bogor was selected due to its strategic location as Jakarta’s satellite city. Method used was literature review with comparative analysis, analyzing similarities, differences, advantages, and disadvantages of urban policies in prioritizing humans to achieve walkable and sustainable city in Australia and Indonesia. The indicators determining Brisbane community’s behavior to walk are distance to destination (59%), travel time (14%), hot weather (19%), roads with various altitudes (4%), lack of paths (3%), and lack of green areas (1%). In Bogor, Indonesia, pedestrian facilities are lacked for people with special needs, elderlies, children, and pregnant women (16.5%), unsafe crossing facilities (19.8%), and unsafe rider behaviors (15.8%). Policies related to walkability can be used as a basis to influence the behavior of urban communities in walking, to achieve the shared goal: a sustainable city.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.