We chose to understand the cyclic instability and rate instability issues in the promising class of Na + conversion and alloying anodes with Sb 2 Se 3 as a typical example. We employ a synthetic strategy that ensures efficient rGO (reduced graphene oxide) wrapping over Sb 2 Se 3 material. By utilization of the minimum weight of additive (5 wt.% of rGO), we achieved a commendable performance with a reversible capacity of 550 mAh g À 1 at a specific current of 100 mA g À 1 and an impressive rate performance with 100 % capacity retention after high current cycling involving a 2 Ag À 1 intermediate current step. The electrochemical galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) has been employed for the first time to draw a rationale between the enhanced performance and the increased mobility in the rGO wrapped composite (Sb 2 Se 3 -rGO) compared to bare Sb 2 Se 3 . GITT analysis reveals higher Na + diffusion coefficients (approx. 30 fold higher) in the case of Sb 2 Se 3 -rGO as compared to bare Sb 2 Se 3 throughout the operating voltage window. For Sb 2 Se 3 -rGO the diffusion coefficients in the range of 8.0 × 10 À 15 cm 2 s À 1 to 2.2 × 10 À 12 cm 2 s À 1 were observed, while in case of bare Sb 2 Se 3 the diffusion coefficients in the range of 1.6 × 10 À 15 cm 2 s À 1 to 9.4 × 10 À 15 cm 2 s À 1 were observed.

The abstract should be a single paragraph that summarises the content of the article The enhanced solar absorption mediated by the direct d-d involvement in the suitably selected HKUST/Bi2WO6 photocatalyst...

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The C−C coupling is an efficient route toward the synthesis of symmetric biphenyls from aryl halides. Herein, a costeffective visible nanophotocatalyst system (Cu 3 P/hBN), consisting of heterogeneous, nanoporous, and nanosized Cu 3 P (derived from HKUST MOF) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), is employed for the photocatalytic coupling of aryl halides. The catalyst efficiently executes the aryl halide coupling to biphenyls under visible light and in the presence of air at room temperature. The electron/hole pairs can be readily generated upon visible light excitation of the Cu 3 P nanophotocatalyst, but the low band gap of Cu 3 P promotes the fast recombination of generated electrons/ holes, thereby rendering Cu 3 P inefficient for photocatalysis. However, the association of a small amount of hBN, which is a structural analogue of graphene and carbon nitride, with Cu 3 P to form the Cu 3 P/hBN composite promotes the separation of electrons as hBN can provide its surface to the excited electrons of Cu 3 P, making them active to act on surface-adsorbed active reactant molecules, whereas the holes remain confined to the valence band of Cu 3 P. Cu 3 P is a P-type semiconductor that provides Cu (+1) active sites that change to Cu (+2) during the photocatalytic cycle. The oxidized active sites consisting of Cu (+2) promote further enhancement of electrostatic interactions between the catalyst and the attached aromatic halide molecules. The excited electrons generated in the catalyst upon light exposure act on oxygen molecules to further lead to superoxide radical anion (O 2 −• ) radical formation. The formed O 2 −• radicals then act on activated halide molecules and convert them to biphenyls.

MOF (Metal-Organic Framework) based materials have attracted recent interest as-anode materials for Alkali-ion batteries. However, the insertion reaction that dictates the alkali ion storage in the MOFs being a conversion reaction depicts the drastic drop in cycling and rate stabilities. Herein we report a low-temperature twinning of a representative Ni-MOF with rGO (reduced graphene oxide) by low-temperature processing and through an intermediate physical mixing method to enhance the electrochemical anodic performance of the parent pristine Ni-based MOF that is Ni-MOF. The uniqueness of this process is that low-temperature processing (300 °C) ensures that the identity of MOF is maintained but generates intimate contacts between the Ni-MOF and thermally reduced GO (Graphene Oxide). The Ni-MOF@rGO composite so achieved has delivered a considerably enhanced rate and cycling stability with a capacity of 385 mAhg À 1 (100 mAg À 1 ) which stays consistent till 400 charge-discharge cycles against the pristine MOF which degrades to 272 mAg À 1 in just 250 cycles. The rate enhancements at higher currents are also substantial with the Ni-MOF@rGO composite depicting the capacity of 205 mAhg À 1 at 1 Ag À 1 as against the capacity of 113 mAhg À 1 for pristine Ni-MOF. The Ni-MOF@ rGO also depicts a considerably enhanced performance compared to carbonized (600 °C and 800 °C) control samples.