At the end of 2019, the pandemic, which originated in China, has become a major concern all over the world. A new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been defined as the reason for a cluster of unknown pneumonia. Thus far, no precise therapy or vaccine has been shown to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mild cases can be treated by supportive care although symptomatic treatment is not enough for critically ill patients. However, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, convalescent (immune) plasma (CIP) and certain specific antiviral drugs for this disease are still being investigated for improving the survival rate of cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection whose condition continued to deteriorate. The use of passive immunization, for the prophylaxis and therapy of human contagious diseases, has been gone back to the 20 th century. Human whole blood is also a source of antibodies. CIP consists of collecting blood plasma from someone who has recovered from a specific infection. Recent literature data show that human CIP may be an alternative option for managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and will be accessible when adequate numbers of individuals have improved. However, such donors should have a high titer of neutralizing immunoglobulin-containing plasma. CIP can be administered to improve the survival rate for COVID-19, together with other drugs and preventive measures, when specific management is not obtainable. On the other hand, randomized clinical trials are still necessary to assess the safety and efficiency of CIP in the therapy of COVID-19. In this article, we want to address the special role of CIP therapy in various infectious diseases from yesterday to today, including COVID-19.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 is an important infectious agent that was first detected in China, causing the pandemic and death of thousands of people. Although the clinic of this disease, called coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), is variable, cytokine storm and different mechanisms can cause increased mortality as a result of progressive and serious clinical presentations. Since it belongs to a well-known group of viruses, researchers have gained momentum after the isolation and the identification of the features of the virus. Although specific drugs began to be developed, the first potential candidate drugs were drugs such as broad-spectrum antibiotics, antiviral agents, anti-parasitic agents, and interferon, which were planned to be used with similar indications before pandemic. Trials on all steps such as prophylactic and supporting therapies, as well as care for critically ill patients and vaccine investigation studies are still ongoing. The drugs used in the light of the guidelines were frequently updated and some changes were made as a result of reports on side effects and efficacy evaluations. Especially in some drug combinations, side effects like prolonged QT interval, drug-drug interactions, and restrictions on the use of some drugs in the pediatric age group or pregnancy limit the specific, evidence-based and reliable treatment. Although there are many drugs in the trial phase for COVID-19 treatment, the most promising and most effective drugs are discussed and summarized under the light of national guidelines and clinical evidences with all aspects of the literature.

IntroductionOn 31 December 2019, unknown pneumonia cases were reported in people associated with the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. On January 7, 2020, the Chinese health authorities confirmed that this case community was associated with a new type of coronavirus (1). Later, this clinical picture was named Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and its factor was reported as "Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)" (2).COVID-19, which has been declared a pandemic with current data, continues to spread by increasing the number of infected cases and mortality day by day. SARS-CoV, an epidemic with viruses from the same family, appeared in 2002-2003, while 8,000 cases and 800 deaths occurred; Middle East Respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV appeared in 2012, causing 2,500 cases and 800 deaths (3). On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified the COVID-19 infection as a pandemic. As of March 31, 2020, more than 825,000 confirmed cases and more than 40,000 deaths (an approximate fatality rate of 4.8%) have

CASE REPORT / Olgu SunumuÖz DRESS (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) sendromu ilaca bağlı akut bir aşırı duyarlılık reaksiyonudur. DRESS sendromu; ateş, deri döküntüsü, lenfadenopati, hematolojik anormallikler (eozinofili, atipik lenfositler), iç organ (karaciğer veya diğer) tutulumu ile karakterize olarak morbidite ve mortaliteye neden olabilir. DRESS sendromuna en sık neden olan ilaçlar antikonvülzanlar, dapson, sülfonamidler, allopurinol ve minosiklindir. Klinik bulgular genellikle sorumlu ilacın başlamasından 1-7 hafta sonra gelişir, bu süre üç aya kadar uzayabilir. Ölüm oranının % 10'lara kadar ulaştığını ve en önemli ölüm nedeninin karaciğer yetmezliği olduğunu bildiren makaleler vardır. DRESS sendromu için tanı kriterleri RegiSCAR grubu tarafından oluşturulmuştur. Bu yazıda lamotrijin tedavisi sonrası DRESS sendromu gelişen bir çocuk olgusu sunularak güncel tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımları ile ilgili literatür gözden geçirilmiştir.

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