Problem statement: Multimode fiber cables can conduct many light rays and can operate free of disruption and with a greater bandwidth than a wireless connection. However, due to a slight variation in the speed of the light rays through the multimode fiber, a signal transmitted by all of these rays becomes spread out. Consequently, the signals become broader and therefore fewer signals fit in the fiber, limiting the transmission capacity. These demands grow almost daily. Hence new ways of splitting methods must be found to satisfy all application demands, especially related to automotive application. Approach: Home-made 1×12 optical splitter based on polymer optical fiber material base is one of the most innovative technologies on optical component which can be applied on some useful application. A perform technique had been used to fabricate kind of splitter. In order to develop such an efficient optical device which can be integrated into the body of automotive field, research with a good specification-oriented study tent to be conduct and it must be passed through a well-planned fabrication technique together with a proper characterization process. Multimode Step-Index Polymer Optical Fiber (SI-POF) type made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with Ø core = 1 mm and NA: 0.50 fully utilized in this research, as PMMA is one of the most commonly used optical materials. This material has been chosen as a base of splitter body in a fused-taper-twisted shape, produced by a unique fabrication stages. PMMA-POF can easily be used near it operating temperature between -40°C to +115°C. Results: By injecting 650 nm wavelength of red LED, characterization process start plays an important role in investigating level of efficiency of the device. Some parameters, such as optical output power and power losses on the devices were observed. Although the maximum output power efficiency of the splitter is about 40% but it can be improved gradually through experience and practice. Conclusion: The fabrication process is simple, easy and suitable to be used by household. Moreover, the users can determine the size of the fabricated device themselves. The POF-based optical 1×12 splitter had been suggested to be applied into automobile application to overcome blind spot area tracking problem as a one of low-cost solution in the future and also in home networking to avoid the bottleneck occurs between ONU and electronic appliances, resulting increase the speedy of data communication.

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Problem statement: Polymer Optical Fiber (POF) has many advantages making it the choice of today's communication, especially in automotive industry. This communication requires low cost ways for much information to be sent simultaneously. Because of this, using Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) concept, a low cost and green 3×3 POF splitter is fabricated. It is fabricated using cheap and easy-to-find tools such as metal tube and candle. Approach: The fabrication is being done by taking three strands of POF and heating the middle parts so that it will melted and fused together until it elongated and shrink to a diameter of 1 mm. Successfully fabricated POF splitter are characterized by measuring the output losses, before and after the POF's end is being smoothed and polished using two sand study of different degree of coarseness. This is to observe the effect of polishing on optical signal losses. POF splitter's losses are also measured on different temperature to observe the effect of temperature on the splitter's performance. Results: Based on the result, it is obvious that cleanliness and a flat POF's end surface influenced the losses with a reduction between 0.3-5.0 dB. Temperature, even though subtle, does also affect the signal losses with increased losses averaging around 0.3 dB. Overall, the losses in the fabricated POF splitter are still high, but show promising improvement with amelioration of fusion technique and the use of tools with higher quality. Conclusion: This low cost fabrication technique is believed to commercially produce cheap POF splitter, but with more in-depth research on the fusion technique, source of losses and ways to minimize the losses and improve output optic signals.

Problem statement: Huge capacity for data transmission and bandwidth are becoming a need nowadays. High cost of implementation using optical fibers prevents utilization of the technology as wide as possible. Approach: Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) was a technique that offers the solution for providing better bandwidth. WDM technique allows several signals that have different wavelengths to be transmitted in a single optical fiber to the receiver without any external interference or internal interruption between the signals transmitted simultaneously. WDM technique requires splitting of signals at reaching the receivers and one of the solutions presented in this study will provide a method using inexpensive filtering device that functions efficiently as a demultiplexer that can be develop without any complication. There were a lot of systems that provided demultiplexing techniques in the industry; all the systems are expensive to be implemented. Here the study provides an effective and easy to construct demultiplexer by using colored thin films. The WDM-POF system studies the performances of thin-films to be used as demultiplexer and red thinfilms will be focused. Results: In theory, the thin-films will filter out any undesired signals that pass through the fiber and the desired signal will be carried to the end-receiver. The effectiveness of each red thin-films were characterized by analyzing the insertion losses (dBm) and power output (µW). Characterization analysis in this study includes the characterization test of using the same sources towards different types of red thin-films to obtain the best film that could filter out any undesired wavelength and let only the desired wavelength to be transmitted at high percentage. An initial stage of selecting different colored films by analyzing the energy spectrum distribution curves for the potential red thin-films will then be characterized where red, blue and green LED sources were injected through the films. Small insertion loss of the signal transmitted for the same wavelength of the source and high power output will be preferred. High insertion loss and small power output are preferred for filtering out the undesired wavelengths. Comparison and characterization analysis through the samples and graph simulations provides the efficiency of the thin films that were used in the optical WDM-POF short-haul communication system. Conclusion: Optimum performance can be observed through the end-receivers that have been connected to the device developed such as the Ethernet connectivity and the result of video image received the signals as desired.

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