Biogeoclimatic ecosystem classification (BEC) has underpinned terrestrial ecosystem management and conservation planning in British Columbia, Canada since the early 1970s, serving the province well for over 40 years as expectations for the use and management of the public land base have evolved. The system is now critically challenged because (1) BEC champions in government, academia, and the private sector are disappearing through retirement and layoffs; (2) BEC is based on outdated notions of climax ecosystems in equilibrium with climate; and (3) the contemporary relevance and intellectual richness of this approach to ecosystem science is not comprehended by a generation of scientists and resource managers grappling with accelerating rates of change in climate and other environmental drivers. This review addresses ways to ensure that BEC remains robust and useful in an uncertain future. The Author proposes that BEC embrace complex systems science. Through a dialectical analysis of alternative paradigms in ecology, it is argued that BEC's holistic, developmental view of terrestrial ecosystems is fundamentally compatible with complexity theory and provides the information content missing from contemporary ecosystem ecology. Two examples of nonlinear modelling (adaptive landscapes and agent-based) to illustrate how the classification system can adapt from a largely linear and equilibrium, to a nonlinear, nonequilibrium perspective of ecosystem dynamics. The BEC program itself must function as a complex adaptive system to survive government downsizing and guide ecosystem management during difficult times, and to challenge and enlighten a new generation of scientists and citizens.Résumé : La Classification Biogéoclimatique des Écosystèmes (CBE) a supporté l'aménagement des écosystèmes terrestres et la planification de la conservation en Colombie Britannique, au Canada, depuis le début des années 1970, en servant bien la Colombie Britannique pendant plus de 40 ans, alors que les attentes pour les utilisations et l'aménagement des terres publiques, ont évolué. On remet présentement en question ce système, parce que : (1) les champions de la CBE au gouvernement, dans les universités et dans le secteur privé disparaissent suite aux retraites et aux mises à pied; (2) la CBE est basée sur des notions dépassées concernant les écosystèmes climaciques en équilibre avec le climat; et (3) la pertinence contemporaine et la richesse intellectuelle de cette approche aux écosystèmes sont incomprises par une génération de scientifiques et d'aménagistes des ressources, aux prises avec des taux accélérés de changements climatiques et autres forces environnementales. On suggère ici des moyens pour assurer que la CBE demeure robuste et utile dans un futur incertain. L'auteur propose que la CBE embrasse une science complexe des systèmes. En conduisant une analyse dialectique de paradigmes alternatifs en écologie, il soumet que la vue holistique et développementale des écosystèmes terrestres demeure fondamentalement compatible avec la th...
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