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Large igneous provinces are voluminous (> 0.1 Mkm 3 ( = 10 6 km 3 ); frequently above 1 Mkm 3 ), mainly mafic (ultramafic) magmatic events of intraplate affinity (based on tectonic setting and/or geochemistry) that occur in both continental and oceanic settings, are often linked with mantle plumes, and are typically emplaced over a short time period ( < 5 myr; often < 2 myr) or in multiple short pulses with a maximum duration of a few tens of myr (e.g.,

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We present a ~9200 yr high-resolution oxygen isotope record of plant cellulose (δ18Ocel) from the peat deposits of Mer Bleue Bog, Ontario and apply it as a proxy for paleotemperature reconstruction in Eastern Canada. The results show that δ18Ocel of Sphagnum follows the general pattern of the Northern Hemisphere reconstructed paleotemperature record for the last 2000 years at a ratio of ~2‰δ18Ocel/°C. The δ18Ocel record of ombrotrophic phase of Mer Bleue Bog is also in accordance with major features of the Holocene sunspot number reconstruction. Three distinct time intervals have low δ18Ocel values: 200–800 cal. BP (‘Little Ice Age’); 2800–3400 cal. BP synchronous to a cooling period reported elsewhere in North America; and 4200–4600 cal. BP corresponding to a cooling interval in the North Atlantic region. These cooling periods also correlate well with negative excursions in the Holocene sunspot and cosmogenic 10Be records. A fourth period of low δ18Ocel values between ad 1810 and 1820 may be related to the extremely cold summer of 1816 and cooler subsequent years, which occurred in the aftermath of the Tambora volcanic eruption, or possibly cooling associated with the early 19th century Dalton solar minimum. The results also indicate the presence of millennial-scale cycles possibly comparable with the globally recognized Bond cycles that have been correlated to fluctuations in solar irradiance.

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