Dysphagia is one of the most important clinical manifestations of stroke and can pose a greater risk of malnutrition for patients during and after hospitalization. The purpose of this research is to review the literature about dysphagia on nutrient intake and malnutrition case in stroke patients. Type of the research is literature review which consist of journals cited the incidence of stroke patients suffered Dysphagia from 2015–2020 year of national and international publication. The result of dysphagia people can only consumed 10–33% of nutrient intake during 2 weeks and 3 months at home. This condition is insufficient for the energy and nutritional needs of the patient and can effect malnutrition case due to dysphagia which is 6-78%. The enteral formula can be obtained to reach energy and nutrients by focusing to the stroke patient treatment. Dysphagia experienced by stroke patient will affect nutrient intake and the malnutrition case. The suggestion of this paper is pointed to the health workers and the family of dysphagia people to concern energy and nutrients needs of the patient regularly.
Latar Belakang: Hasil Riskesdas tahun 2018 menunjukkan adanya penurunan proporsi gizi buruk dan gizi kurang di Indonesia yaitu 17,7% dari 19,6% pada hasil Riskesdas tahun 2013. Pemerintah Daerah Kota Bogor menggagaskan misi pembangunan kesehatan Kota Bogor yang dituangkan ke dalam 17 program, salah satunya program perbaikan gizi masyarakat. Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap pada ibu dan stakeholder terkait pelaksanaan program perbaikan gizi di dua kelompok posyandu berdasarkan data balita gizi kurang dan gizi buruk di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Induk Merdeka, Bogor Tengah. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dan dilaksanakan pada Januari–Juli 2019 di 21 Posyandu (tujuh posyandu tidak terdapat kasus dan 14 posyandu terdapat kasus gizi buruk). Penelitian menggunakan empat kategori responden yaitu ibu balita, kader posyandu, bidan, dan tokoh masyarakat. Penentuan jumlah ibu didasarkan pada jumlah balita yaitu sebanyak 74 orang. Kader diambil dari seluruh posyandu yaitu sebanyak 110 orang. Tokoh masyarakat menggunakan 72 ketua RT dan 19 ketua RW. Seluruh bidan di wilayah tersebut yaitu sebanyak empat orang juga dijadikan responden. Analisis perbedaan dilakukan dengan T-test Independent. Hasil: Ada perbedaan pengetahuan ibu (p=0,001), sikap ibu (p=0,02), pengetahuan kader (p=0,001), dan peran kader (p=0,01). Tidak ada perbedaan pengetahuan tokoh masyarakat (p=0,386) dan sikap tokoh masyarakat (p=0,916). Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan ibu balita dan kader lebih baik pada kelompok posyandu yang tidak ada kasus gizi buruk.
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