The aim of our study was to compare the surgical complications and short-term outcome of renal transplants with single and multiple renal artery grafts. We reviewed the records of 105 kidney transplantations performed consecutively at our institution from July 2006 to May 2010. The data of 33 (31.4%) renal transplants with multiple arteries were compared with the 72 transplants with single artery (68.6%), and the incidence of surgical complications, post-transplant hypertension, acute tubular necrosis, acute graft rejection, mean creatinine level, and patient and graft survival was analyzed. We further subdivided the study recipients into three groups: group A (n = 72) with one-renal-artery allografts and one-artery anastomosis, group B (n = 6) with multiple-artery allografts with single-artery anastomosis, and group C (n = 27) with multiple-artery allografts with multiple arterial anasatomosis, and compared their outcome. No significant differences were observed among the recipients of all the three groups regarding early vascular and urological complications, post-transplant hypertension, acute tubular necrosis, acute rejection, creatinine level, and graft and patient survival. The mean cold ischemia time in groups B and C was significantly higher (P <0.05). One patient in group A developed renal vein thrombosis resulting in graft nephrectomy. None of the patients with multiple renal arteries developed either vascular or urological complications. In conclusion, kidney transplantation using grafts with multiple renal arteries is equally safe as using grafts with single renal artery, regarding vascular, urological complications, as well as patient and graft survival.

“Giant hyperplasia” of the prostate is a rare pathology of the prostate gland. We report one such case, in which a successful retropubic prostatectomy was performed on an elderly male patient in Pakistan. The weight of the resected prostate was 700 g, which is the eighth largest prostate with benign prostatic hyperplasia reported.

Introduction: Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end stage renal disease. It offers marked improvement in the quality of life of patients who undergo this form of treatment. Surgical complications are important in the sense that they can lead to loss of allograft and in severe cases loss of patient life. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of surgical complications after renal transplantation in our population. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the surgical complications in 350 patients who had live related renal transplantation performed at Postgraduate Medical Institute, Shaikh

Objectives: To compare the findings of helical computed tomographic angiography and intra-operative findings in live related donors. To evaluate the accuracy of helical computed tomography with advanced 3D techniques in depicting the renal vasculature, parenchymal and anatomy of collecting system. Setting: Sheikh Zayed Post Graduate Medical Institute and National Institute of kidney diseases Lahore. Material and Method: Between June 2006 to May 2009 eighty potential donors underwent CT angiogram as a part of theirpreoperative workup. We retrospectively studied the CT angiogram and compared the finding with the surgical findings. The results were reviewed with radiologists to determine the discrepancy in discordant cases. Results: The accuracy of CT angiography was 93.40% to predict number of vessels. Five arteries and one vein was missed, this disconcordant comprised 7.59% during initial CT interpretation. The overallconcordance between CT angiography and operative findings in delineating the arterial anatomy was found in 74(93.67%) and venous in 78 (98.73%) donors. All CT scans demonstrated normal collecting system except one, which showed a dilated right pelvicalical system and ureter. Simple renal cysts about the size of 2-4 cm were found in the four left kidneys. CT scan supplied additional important anatomical informationincluding kidney size and the presence of nephrolithiasis. Conclusion: Helical CT angiography is very specific for arterial and venous anatomy as well as other anatomical and functional details. It provides all the information required by a surgeon. It can become the single imaging modality for preoperative assessment of potential donors in place of conventional angiography and intravenous urography. CT angiography isminimally invasive and cost effective.