Introduction Warts can be resistant to treatment or recur despite the use of various destructive and immunotherapeutic modalities. Combination immunotherapy might contribute to better response rates. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of a triple intralesional immunotherapy combination composed of purified protein derivative (PPD), Candida antigen, and measles–mumps–rubella vaccine (MMR), versus each agent alone, in the management of multiple recalcitrant warts. Methods In total, 160 patients with numerous resistant extragenital warts were included in the research. They were randomly assigned to one of four groups (each with 40 patients): PPD, Candida antigen, and MMR, or combination of the three antigens. Injections into the biggest wart were repeated every 2 weeks until clearance or for a total of five sessions. Results Complete wart clearance was reported in 31 patients (77.5%) who received triple-antigen immunotherapy, 23 patients (57.5%) who received intralesional PPD, 29 patients (72.5%) injected with Candida antigen, and 25 patients (62.5%) who received MMR. The combined therapy was found to be superior to the other therapies and had the lowest recurrence rate, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions Triple intralesional antigen immunotherapy is as safe as, and more effective than, monoantigen immunotherapy, and can be added to the armamentarium against recalcitrant human papilloma virus (HPV) infections.

Psoriasis management is complex and challenging. It should be tailored for each patient. Treatment strategy differs according to patient's age, sex, disease type, disease severity, burden on patient's quality of life, comorbidities, involvement of specific sites, and pregnancy. The choice of the appropriate therapeutic must take into consideration the availability, the price, and the patient's preferences. It is very important that the chosen treatment is not more unpleasant, intolerable, or dangerous than the disease itself. According to the disease type, severity, and effect on patient's quality of life, dermatologist chooses whether to start with topical therapy, phototherapy or systemic therapy, or a combination of two or more of them. Under each category, there are different types of therapies that can be the first line therapeutics, second line, or even contraindicated. In this compendium, we provide dermatologists with different treatment plans considering all the mentioned variables so that a dermatologist can choose the optimum plan for the patient.

H syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with clinical features comprising: hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, hearing loss, heart anomalies, low height, hypogonadism and hepatosplenomegaly. H syndrome results from loss‐of‐function mutations in SLC29A3 which leads to abnormal proliferation and function of histiocytes. Herein, we discuss the considerable phenotypic heterogeneity detected in a consanguineous Egyptian family comprising of four affected siblings, two of which are monozygotic twin and the possible therapeutics. The phenotypic variability may be attributed to the role of histiocytes in the tissue response to injury. Such variable expressivity of H syndrome renders the diagnosis challenging and delays the management. The different treatment approaches used for this rare entity are reviewed.

Background: Plane warts are smooth, flesh-colored papules that might be flat or raised slightly. Lesions can range in size from 1 mm to greater than 5 mm, and can number anywhere from a handful to the hundreds. The face, hands, and lower legs are frequent places for them to manifest. Scratching, shaving, and trauma can cause them to emerge in a linear pattern. Imiquimod enhances the immune system's reaction. Injecting imiquimod into a skin wound or ulcer triggers cytokine synthesis and activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems. This makes it an accessible alternative for the treatment of a wide range of dermatologic diseases, both benign and malignant. Objective: Assessment of the possible role of imiquimod in dermatology and possible benefit on plane warts. Methods: Research on Imiquimod, Skin cancer, and Genital warts was scoured through the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The authors also analysed references from related works, but only included the latest or most comprehensive study between October 2000 and January 2021. Documents written in languages other than English have been disqualified due to a lack of translation resources. Dissertations, conference abstracts, and oral presentations were not included since they do not constitute "important scientific discoveries". Conclusion: Dermatologists have taken notice of imiquimod's recent rise to prominence as a useful immunomodulatory topical medication. However, the appropriate use and utilization of imiquimod in dermatology have been impeded by a lack of randomized controlled studies in the assessment of this potentially crucial medicine, as well as anecdotal evidence combined with varying treatment regimens.