Background Mice, as host animals of a variety of pathogens, can spread 60 kinds of human diseases including more than ten families of viruses including Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, and so on. Methods In this study, lung tissues and gut samples of 7-week-old mice from outdoor environments were sequenced using metagenomics, and an abundance of virome information was acquired. Results A total of 82 families of mammalian viruses, plant viruses, insect viruses, and phages were detected. Among the top 10 most abundant families were the RNA viruses Orthomyxoviridae, Picornaviridae, Bunyaviridae, and Arenaviridae, the DNA virus Herpesviridae, the insect viruses Nodaviridae and Baculoviridae, the plant virus Tombusviridae, and the phage Myoviridae. Except for Myoviridae, whose abundance in guts was higher than in lung tissues, the abundance of viruses in the lung tissues and guts showed no significant difference. Conclusions The data obtained in this study provided an overview of the viral community present in these mice samples, revealing some mouse-associated viruses closely related to known human or animal pathogens. Strengthening our understanding of unclassified viruses in mice in the natural environment could provide scientific guidance for the prevention and control of new viral outbreaks that can spread via rodents.

(1)Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of cannabidiol (CBD) on osteoarthritis (OA) in rats. (2)Methods: We randomly divided 36 female SD rats with SPF values of 7 weeks into model control, CBD at elevated doses, CBD at low doses, solvent control, and PBS control. Sodium acetate OA was modeled in the model, experimental and solvent control groups. After modeling, the experimental group was injected daily with CBD and solvent, and the control group was injected with PBS. After 12 days of treatment, the OA grade was scored, and the rats were anesthetized, and the rats were sacrificed by neck dislocation, blood was collected from the heart, knee joints were collected, the degree of joint swelling was recorded, and serum inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-1β, TFN-α, IL-6 concentration were and pathological changes of knee joint. (3）Results: Compared with the model group and the solvent control group, the pain and claudication of the rats in the CBD experimental group were effectively relieved, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, TFN-α) in serum and synovial fluid were significantly reduced. Arthritic pathologic changes in the knee were significantly reduced. (4) Conclusion: CBD is effective in reducing blood inflammatory factors in OA rats, relieving pain and pathological changes, and has significant therapeutic effects in osteoarthritis.

Background: Rodents are important virus reservoirs and natural hosts for multiple viruses. They are one of the wild animals that are extremely threatening to the spread of human viruses. Therefore, research on rodents carrying viruses and identifying new viruses that rodents carry is of great significance for preventing and controlling viral diseases.Methods: In this study, fecal samples from six species of forest rodents in Northeast China were sequenced using metagenomics, and an abundance of virome information was acquired.Results: Among the top 10 most abundant viral families, RNA virus include Orthomyxoviridae, Picornaviridae, Bunyaviridae and Arenaviridae, DNA virus include Herpesviridae, Insect virus include Nodaviridae and Baculoviridae, Plant virus Tombusviridae and Phage (Myoriviridae). Except for Myoviridae, there was no significant difference in the abundance of virus families in the feces of each rodent species. In addition, a new strain of astrovirus was discovered, with an ORF and genome arrangement comparable to other rodent astroviruses.The newly identified astrovirus had the highest similarity with the rodent astrovirus isolate, CHN/100.Conclusions: The data obtained in this study provided an overview of the viral community present in these rodent fecal samples, revealing some rodent-associated viruses closely related to known human or animal pathogens. Strengthening our understanding of unclassified viruses harbored by rodents present in the natural environment could provide scientific guidance for preventing and controlling new viral outbreaks that can spread via rodents.

Background RNA polymerase III is an essential enzyme in eukaryotes for synthesis of tRNA, 5S rRNA, and other small nuclear and cytoplasmic RNAs. Thus, RNA polymerase III promoters are often used in small hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression. In this study, the porcine H1, U6, and 7SK RNA polymerase III type promoters were cloned into a pcDNA3.1(+) expression vector containing a shRNA sequence targeting enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). PK and DF-1 cells were cotransfected with the construction of recombinant interference expression vector and the EGFP expression vector, pEGFP-N1. The average fluorescence intensity of EGFP in transfected cells was measured by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was used to detect expressed shRNAs and the relative expression of EGFP, to confirm the activity of the promoters.Results The results showed that the activity of porcine 7SK promoter is stronger than the U6 promoter, which is in turn stronger than porcine H1.Conclusions This study confirms that the porcine H1 promoter is effective for expression of shRNA, and may be an excellent tool to knock down gene expression in pigs for functional genomics studies. The results also lay a foundation for the development of porcine RNAi technology and genetically modified porcine research.