Dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been regarded as a primary feature of several human cancers. However, the genome-wide expression and functional significance of lncRNAs in bladder cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to identify aberrantly expressed lncRNAs that may play an important role in contributing to bladder cancer pathogenesis. In this study, we described lncRNAs profiles in four pairs of human bladder cancer and matched normal bladder tissues by microarray. We finally determined 3,324 differentially expressed human lncRNAs and 2,120 differentially expressed mRNAs (≥2-fold change). A total of 110 lncRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between the tumor and the control groups (≥8-fold change). Four lncRNAs (TNXA, CTA-134P22.2, CTC-276P9.1 and KRT19P3) were selected for further confirmation of microarray results using quantitative PCR (qPCR), and a strong correlation was identified between the qPCR results and microarray data. We also observed that numerous lncRNA expression levels were significantly correlated with the expression of tens of protein coding genes by construction of the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotation showed a significant association with p53, bladder cancer, cell cycle and propanoate metabolism pathway gene expression in the bladder cancer group compared with the normal tissue group, indicating that deregulated lncRNAs may act by regulating protein-coding genes in these pathways. We demonstrated the expression profiles of human lncRNAs in bladder cancer by microarray. We identified a collection of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in bladder cancer compared with matched normal tissue. It is likely that these deregulated lncRNAs play a key or partial role in the development and/or progression of bladder cancer.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and highly malignant pathological type of kidney cancer. We sought to establish a metabolic signature to improve post‐operative risk stratification and identify novel targets in the prediction models for ccRCC patients. A total of 58 metabolic differential expressed genes (MDEGs) were identified with significant prognostic value. LASSO regression analysis constructed 20‐mRNA signatures models, metabolic prediction models (MPMs), in ccRCC patients from two cohorts. Risk score of MPMs significantly predicts prognosis for ccRCC patients in TCGA ( P < 0.001, HR = 3.131, AUC = 0.768) and CPTAC cohorts ( P = 0.046, HR = 2.893, AUC = 0.777). In addition, G6PC , a hub gene in PPI network of MPMs, shows significantly prognostic value in 718 ccRCC patients from multiply cohorts. Next, G6Pase was detected high expressed in normal kidney tissues than ccRCC tissues. It suggested that low G6Pase expression significantly correlated with poor prognosis ( P < 0.0001, HR = 0.316) and aggressive progression ( P < 0.0001, HR = 0.414) in 322 ccRCC patients from FUSCC cohort. Meanwhile, promoter methylation level of G6PC was significantly higher in ccRCC samples with aggressive progression status. G6PC significantly participates in abnormal immune infiltration of ccRCC microenvironment, showing significantly negative association with check‐point immune signatures, dendritic cells, Th1 cells, etc. In conclusion, this study first provided the opportunity to comprehensively elucidate the prognostic MDEGs landscape, established novel prognostic model MPMs using large‐scale ccRCC transcriptome data and identified G6PC as potential prognostic target in 1,040 ccRCC patients from multiply cohorts. These finding could assist in managing risk assessment and shed valuable insights into treatment strategies of ccRCC.

Abstract. Malignant ureteral obstruction (MUO) is an unpropitious sign that is commonly observed in patients with advanced incurable cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate predictive factors for the failure of retrograde ureteral stent insertion in the management of MUO in outpatients. A total of 164 patients with MUO were retrospectively assessed in this study. Clinical factors, including age, gender, type of malignancy, level of obstruction, cause of obstruction, pre-operative creatinine level, degree of hydronephrosis, condition of the contralateral ureter, prior radiotherapy, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), bladder wall invasion and technical failure, were recorded for each case. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for predicting the failure of retrograde ureteral stent insertion. In total, 38 out of 164 patients experienced bilateral obstruction, therefore, a total of 202 ureteral units were available for data analysis. The rate of insertion failure in MUO was 34.65%. Multivariate analyses identified ECOG PS, degree of hydronephrosis and bladder wall invasion as independent predictors for insertion failure. Overall, the present study found that rate of retrograde ureteral stent insertion failure is high in outpatients with MUO, and that ECOG PS, degree of hydronephrosis and bladder invasion are potential independent predictors of insertion failure.

Fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5), which participates in mediating the biological properties of tumor cells, has been recognized in several neoplasms. The present study aims to investigate FABP5 transcriptional expression profiles, reveal its underlying biological interaction networks and define its prognostic value in uveal melanoma (UVM). A total of 80 patients with UVM and their RNA-sequence data, available from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, was analyzed. A differential transcriptional expression profile was obtained from TCGA and the Oncomine databases. The survival benefits were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The correlation between FABP5 expression and immune infiltration level was analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource database. Functional enrichment analyses using Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and signaling hallmarks were utilized to describe the biological process, molecular functions, cellular component and significantly involved pathways. The elevated transcriptional expression of FABP5 was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and worse progression-free survival (PFS) times in patients with UVM (P<0.001). Moreover, FABP5 expression was significantly and positively correlated with tumor purity and CD8 + T cells and was negatively correlated with the infiltrating levels of CD4 + T cells and neutrophils. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed to obtain 100 significantly associated genes of FABP5 and FABP5 was found to be critical in several hallmark pathways, including allograft rejection, complement, interleukin-6/Janus kinase-STAT3 signaling, interferon γ response, inflammatory response and tumor necrosis factor α signaling via NFκB. The present study is the first to demonstrate that FABP5 expression was positively associated with progression-associated clinicopathological factors and poor prognosis in UVM, which suggests its likely function as an oncogene and prognostic marker in patients with UVM.