A new neighborhood variable precision rough set modal is presented in this paper. The modal possesses the characteristics of neighborhood rough set and variable precision rough set, so it can overcome shortcomings of classic rough set which only be fit for discrete variables and sensitive to noise. Based on giving the definitions of approximate reduction, lower and upper approximate reduction, lower and upper distribution reduction, two kinds of algorithms to confirm lower and upper distribution reduction were advanced. The modal was applied to diagnose one frequency modulated water pump vibration faults. The result shows the modal is more suitable to engineering problems, because it can not only deal with continues variables but also be robust to noise.