Armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR) is one of the most investigated semiconducting graphene materials.The controllable approach on AGNR is quite useful for future optical applications. To realize the aim, optical properties of three AGNRs with Stone-Wales (SW) defects and hydrogenation on the SW defects (SW-H) are theoretically investigated. W8, W9 and W10 AGNRs are chosen based on the width (W) index of n. SW defects enlarge the band gap of W8, and reduce the band gap of W9 and W10. The hydrogenations increase the band gaps of W8-and W9-SW, and decrease the one of W10-SW. The distributions of exciton wavefunctions located near one edge of W10-SW-H, revealed an obvious quantum confinement effect. In W10 serials, the exciton binding energy difference between SW and SW-H structures is only 0.08 eV, indicating tuneable optical applications with this small exciton binding energy switch. Due to the strong optical absorption and small exciton binding energy of W9-SW, it also possesses potential applications for luminescence and photovoltaic devices. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Optical spectrum of graphene, and the relation of exciton binding energy and k-point grid in W9-SW. See

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The functional groups on armchair graphene nanoribbons affect the spatial distribution of the wavefunction and influence the electronic and optical properties as well.

The electrowetting effect is one physical chemistry phenomenon, it through adds certain external voltage in the solid - liquid contact surface to change the liquid to the solid moist degree, thus changing the contact angle of liquids and solids. In this article double liquid zoom lens are based on this kind of electrowetting effect. Optics focal variation system realizes the focal variation to satisfy two basic conditions[2]: (1) changing the focal distance; (2) maintaining the image plane position invariance. The single liquid zoom lens cannot maintain the position of the image formation surface invariance, this article takes on the electrowetting effect double liquid zoom lens as a foundation, and designs to realize new optical systems without mechanical movement focal variation using the motor control, and through MATLAB software simulation inferential reasoning the result.