The increase in world population has led to a significant increase in the numbers of cars and used tyres. These tyres must be disposed of on an ongoing basis as a result of their consumption or deterioration. This can result in negative effects on the environment that must be preserved, especially from those materials, i.e., these waste materials are difficult to dispose of without special treatments. Hence, extensive experimental investigations and numerical simulations need to be conducted to use and recycle these wastes by exploring the possibility of using them as alternative ingredients in construction materials. For example, waste rubber pieces can be used as one of the main components of concrete. In this study, the main aim was to numerically simulate the flexural behaviours of rubberised concrete under the influence of an applied vertical loading with different contents of added rubbers by using the commercial finite element software ANSYS. The obtained numerical results were compared with the experimental results of a previous study and showed a good agreement with the deflections and moduli of rupture, with the variances from 2–7% in the deflections. However, the differences in the moduli of rupture varied between 5% and 9%. Finally, the statistical analyses indicated that these numerical mean values and standard deviations were acceptable and were very close to the experimental values.

This study is devoted to investigate experimentally the ultimate strength capacity performance of seven dapped ends simply supported reinforced concrete beams with a (length, height, and width) dimension of (1200, 240, and 130) mm, either solid cross section or top/bottom hollow opening/s. One-point load test method results a different crack patterns of multi types of failure with varying intensity. It is found that the beams strength capacity values with openings less than the solid beams by 5-10%, while the deflection values of solid cross section beam contrary increased by 11-30%. Also, for the same location of opening the increase in hollow openings reduce the capacity load by 4.5-10%, but increase the deflection values by 6-12.5%. Finally, the beams with opening located at the compression zone decrease the load capacity and increase the deflection values by 5% than the beams with opening at tension zone. Therefore, this study handed to the civil engineering designer using the dapped ends beams in bridge construction structures under effect of static loads, “for the necessary purposes of installing power supply cable or water pipe, the authors recommended using beams with opening to be located at bottom fiber tension zone”.

In this article, the shear behavior of a deep beam made of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) was analyzed. Rapid urbanization has presented a massive new activity that is necessary to meet the needs of the influx of people. Developments of all types, from housing to infrastructure, necessitate considerable input from both natural and monetary resources. The purpose of this study is to compare the strength and loading capacity of RAC to that of Naturally Aggregate Concrete (NAC). The samples were evaluated at a controlled deformation rate of 2mm/minute in the "Material Testing Laboratory of the Department of Civil Engineering," where this investigation was conducted. The researcher has chosen two different sizes of coarse totals to use throughout this study: those measuring 5mm to 15mm (60.2%) and those measuring 15mm to 25mm (40.3%). In support of her claims, the researcher presents a variety of charts and datasets in the following research. There is an overall drop in strength in the recycled aggregate concrete samples. The load-deflection curves and the techniques are depicted by which the specimens failed. Shear required beams' experimental data and predicted values. This study reveals that compared to natural aggregate concrete, recycled aggregate concrete has weaker compressive, flexural, and breaking tensile strengths. The maximum load-bearing strength of longitudinally supported beams built of "recycled and natural aggregate concrete" is also not significantly different.

Reinforced polymer bars could potentially be used with fiber as a strengthening technology in MRPC. The main objective of this paper is to study the influence development of the flexural behavior of MRPC beams after 120 days of virtual corrosion-exposure in riverine simulated circumstances using GFRP and CFRP bars. Nine beams were tested via a two-point loading method up to failure, 1200 mm long, (200x100mm) cross-section. The water/binder is chosen to be 0.14 by weight. Silica fume was replaced by 8% weight of cement. The dose of superplasticizer used to the total binder weight was 0.41 percent. Three types of flexural reinforcement ratios were used individually per each cross-section; GFRP, CFRP, and traditional steel rebar, with a nominal diameter of 10 mm. The compressive strength of MRPC is 80 MPa. The experimental evidence indicates that GFRP and CFRP bars used with MRPC have higher tensile strength and anti-corroded bars. Also, the load results indicate that CFRP bars are more efficient than GFRP bars and steel rebar. Finally, the behavior of MRPC beams neither GFRP and CFRP bars submerged in Tigris river water did not chemically affect. The author recommended replacing steel rebar with GFRP and CFRP bars to improved structural behavior.