Prenatal anterior mediastinal teratomas are rare. Anterior mediastinal teratomas can cause edema during the perinatal period. Color Doppler ultrasonography and chest computed tomography (CT) are of great value in diagnosing neonatal anterior mediastinal teratomas. Here, we report a case of prenatally diagnosed neonatal anterior mediastinal teratoma. After birth, transthoracic echocardiography and chest enhanced CT showed a large solid mass in the pericardial cavity. Owing to compression of the heart, the tumor was completely removed 1 day after birth, and cardiopulmonary bypass was performed. Pathology results indicated an immature teratoma (Grade I). At 9-month follow-up, the patient remained in good overall condition without observed recurrences.

BackgroundIn this case report, we utilized a three-dimensional printing model to replicate the complex anatomy of a criss-cross heart with double outlet right ventricle—an extremely rare congenital cardiac abnormality. This approach facilitated our understanding of the patient's unique condition and enabled us to plan the surgical procedure with greater precision.Case presentationOur department received a 13-year-old female patient who presented with a pronounced heart murmur and a decrease in exercise capacity. Subsequent two-dimensional imaging revealed the presence of a criss-cross heart with double outlet right ventricle—an intricate and uncommon cardiac malformation that poses challenges for accurate visualization through conventional two-dimensional modalities. To address this challenge, we constructed and printed a three-dimensional model using computed tomography data, which enabled us to visualize and understand the complex intracardiac structures and plan surgical interventions with greater precision. Using this approach, we successfully performed a right ventricular double outlet repair, and the patient made a full recovery following the procedure.ConclusionThe criss-cross heart with double outlet right ventricle constitutes a complex and uncommon cardiac anomaly that poses considerable challenges in terms of diagnosis and surgical intervention. Employing three-dimensional modeling and printing represents a promising approach, given its potential to enhance the precision and comprehensiveness of the anatomical evaluation of the heart. As a result, this method holds significant promise in facilitating accurate diagnosis, meticulous surgical planning, and ultimately improving clinical outcomes for patients affected by this condition.

Rationale: Double-outlet left ventricle (DOLV) is a rare congenital cardiac malformation in which both great arteries arise entirely or predominantly from the left ventricle. An extracardiac conduit is the first surgical option for repairing DOLV, specifically because its placement of the extracardiac conduit can be customized to accommodate all possible anatomical variations. The bovine jugular veins and homograft valves are often used as conduits. There have been no reports on the use of handmade trileaflet-valved conduits for correcting DORV. Patient concerns: A 1-year old male was admitted for significant heart murmur and cyanosis, according to the results of transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography angiography, and cardioangiography, and was diagnosed with DOLV and pulmonary stenosis. Diagnosis and interventions: The patient underwent biventricular repair with a handmade trileaflet-valved extracardiac conduit. The postoperative course was uneventful. Outcome: Three months after the surgery, TTF indicated mild right ventricular outflow obstruction and pulmonary valve regurgitation. Lessons: Correction of the left ventricular double outlet with a handmade trileaflet-valved conduit has been shown to have excellent performance, and long-term outcomes should be followed over time.