The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of oil addition (10, 20 and 40% of oil in water) on saltiness perception as a function of NaCl concentration. A sensory panel (n = 20) was selected from the local community and trained to taste saltiness intensity using magnitude estimation. Data obtained were fitted to the Stevens’ power law. As expected, saltiness intensity increased as [NaCl] in the aqueous phase ([NaCl]aq) increased, for a constant type of sample. All types of samples (0, 10, 20 and 40% oil‐in‐water emulsions) were well fitted to the Stevens’ power law with exponent values of 0.87, 0.76, 0.66 and 0.47 for the 0, 10, 20 and 40% oil‐in‐water emulsions, respectively. This is the first research that reports exponential values for saltiness perception in the presence of an oil phase. This research also shows that saltiness perception is driven by a combination of processes that include [NaCl]em and the presence of an oil phase. Practical Applications This research contributes to the understanding of the effect of oil addition on saltiness perception for a range of NaCl concentration. This knowledge will help food scientist in the development of foods with reduced amount of sodium while maintaining the sensory properties of their product.
In recent years, with the continuous increase of the number of blind people in China, the construction of blind roads and their ancillary facilities has become the focus of urban road pedestrian space planning and design. However, in practical use, the existing blind path does not really solve the problem of blind people’s travel and there are few blind people on the blind path. We use part of the primary and secondary trunk road and branch of the blind road in Dujiangyan city as an example. By simulating the blind, feeling the blind track system in person, using the SD method to evaluate the status quo of the use of the existing blind road, we analyse and summarize the blind road system of Dujiangyan city from the angle of space perception, so as to provide certain reference and reference for the blind road system planning of city road pedestrian space.
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