An enantioselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of α-fluorostyrenes with N-benzoyl imines was demonstrated using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst. Cycloaddition products having fluorine functionality were formed in high yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. Further manipulation of the enantioenriched cycloaddition product with silyl enol ether in the presence of BiCl3 catalyst afforded substitution product with retention of the dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine framework through selective carbon–fluorine bond cleavage without loss of enantiomeric excess.

An enantioselective phospha-Michael-type addition reaction of diarylphosphine oxides with alkenyl benzimidazoles was demonstrated using a chiral phosphoric acid as the chiral Brønsted acid catalyst. Addition products having phosphorus and benzimidazole units were formed in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities in most cases. The reduction of the phosphine oxide unit in the addition product afforded the corresponding chiral phosphine, which is a potential benzimidazole-based chiral P,N-ligand, without loss of enantiomeric excess.

Hydropower resource is one of the renewable energy sources. With the increasing Chinese economy, people are paying much more attention to sustainable development. The increasing hydropower load is the basis of the development of power industry. Due to the characteristics of electrical energy, predicting the hydropower accurately is a potentially beneficial way to plan hydropower reasonably. This paper presents a neural network method to predict hydropower generation whose data is influenced by several factors such as social economic, population and climate. By using the past 52-year rough data, a 3-layer feedforward neuronet equipped with the weights and structure determination (WASD) method is constructed for the prediction of the Chinese hydropower generation in this paper. By processing mass of data, we could basically predict the hydropower generation using such a WASD neuronet. To a large extent, the trend of developing Chinese hydropower generation in the next years will keep growing.