SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) combined with osteoporosis. METHODS: Eighty patients with LSS combined with osteoporosis were divided into a control and PTED group, which received conventional transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and PTED, respectively. The surgical indications, incision visual analogue scale (VAS), lumbar and leg pain VAS, lumbar Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores, bone mineral density (BMD), and adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, in the PTED group, the operation time, bleeding loss and hospitalization duration, incision VAS scores at postoperative 12, 24 and 48 h and lumbar and leg pain VAS and lumbar ODI scores on postoperative 6 months were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and the lumbar JOA score on postoperative 6 months was significantly increased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in BMD between two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, in the PTED group, the total effective rate was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PTED is safe and effective in the treatment of LSS combined with osteoporosis.

Background In order to improve the clinical medical technology, enhance the clinical effect and improve the disease detection rate, the clinical incidence rate of atlantoaxial dislocation and vertebral body malformation that are difficult to summarize is increasing year by year. Methods A total of 80 patients with atlantoaxial dislocation deformity treated in our hospital from January 2017 to May 2021 are selected for this study. According to the number table method, 80 patients are randomly divided into the auxiliary group and the traditional group, with 40 cases in each group. The traditional group is treated with posterior atlantoaxial pedicle screw system internal fixation and intervertebral fusion, and the auxiliary implementation and application of a new head and neck fixation and traction device through nasal cannula and oral release decompression fixation for posterior fusion. The patients in the two groups are compared changes and differences in efficacy, spinal cord function index, pain score, surgery, and quality of life. Results Compared with the traditional group, the total clinical effective rate, cervical spine extension and flexion range of motion, physical function, physical function, psychological function, and social function in the auxiliary group are significantly improved. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and VAS score are significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Conclusion The new head and neck fixation traction device can improve the surgical efficacy and quality of life of patients with irreversible atlantoaxial dislocation, enhance spinal cord function, reduce pain symptoms and surgical risks, and is worthy of clinical application.

As an innovative financing behavior, equity pledge breaks the limit of traditional financing, and broadens the financing channels of companies and major shareholders. This paper comprehensively considers the impact of controlling shareholder equity pledge on corporate value from three research perspectives. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) When the equity pledge is not considered, the cash flow rights and voting rights of the company owned by the controlling shareholder are positively correlated with corporate value. That is, this presents incentive effect, but the existence of the separation of the two powers brings the second type of agency problem and reduces corporate value. (2) When considering the equity pledge, the controlling shareholder’s equity pledge may weaken the incentive effect and strengthen the encroachment effect which causing a reduction of corporate value. (3) Based on the accounting point of view, the controlling shareholder’s equity pledge is negatively correlated with the corporate performance, while the concentration of ownership dilutes this negative effect. (4) The balance of equity weakens the negative effect of the controlling shareholder’s equity pledge on corporate value, thereby reduces the negative impact of the equity pledge.