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BACKGROUND White tea ( Camellia sinensis ) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and a protective effect against wrinkles, sunburn and UV damages on the skin. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of white tea extract on the healing process of skin wounds in rats. METHODS This study was done in the Research Center of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran in 2019. Excisional skin wounds were created on five groups of healthy male Wistar rats (200-250 g, n=21) including control group, Eucerin-treated group, white tea 5% ointment (Eucerin) treated group, gel-treated group, white tea 5% gel treated group. Treatment was begun on day 1 and repeated every day at the same time until day 15. Pathologic samples were taken on days 4, 7 and 15 for histopathological examinations. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze data by SPSS. Statistical significance was defined as P <0.05. RESULTS Wound closure rate of control group was more than other groups on day 4 ( P <0.05). On day 7, reepithelisation and granulation tissue of control group were more than white tea 5% ointment-treated and its inflammation was less than others ( P <0.05). Neo-vascularization of white tea 5% ointment-treated group was more than control group on days 4 and 15 ( P <0.05). On day 4, intact mast cells of control group were more than white tea treated groups ( P <0.05). Degranulated mast cells of white tea 5% gel treated group was significantly ( P <0.05) more than control group on days 4 and 15. CONCLUSION Five percent white tea extract could not help the skin wound healing process.

Since the first formal description of the unicellular green algae Dunaliella salina, its presence in hypersaline environments worldwide and its physiological responses to different environmental conditions have been studied extensively. Moreover, due to massive carotenoid accumulation by some strains under specific growth conditions, its biotechnological applications have attracted a great deal of scientific interest. In this study, the phylogenetic relationship, growth, and carotenogenesis of a new strain of Dunaliella salina isolated from Maharlu salt lake in Shiraz (latitude 29.26°N, longitude 52.48°E), Iran were investigated. First, a phylogram based on neighbor-joining analysis of the nuclear rDNA ITS (ITS-1 ? 5.8 rDNA ? ITS-2) sequence data was constructed. The phylogenetic tree showed that the new isolate is part of a major clade containing several strains of D. salina and was designated as D. salina MSI-1. Then, the responses of the new isolate to the initial pH of the culture media and different concentrations of nitrate, NH 4 ? , and citrate were examined.As with other strains of D. salina, growth and carotenogenesis were controlled by the levels of nitrate and NH 4 ? in the growth media. Low available nitrogen negatively affected growth but enhanced carotenoid accumulation. Insensitivity of carotenogenesis to citrate indicates a minor contribution of cytosolic IPP synthesis to the overall carotenoid production. Despite changes in the initial pH of the culture media over the experimental period, the initial pH had marked effects on the growth and carotenogenesis of the new isolate. These effects, together with the higher cell carotenoid content observed at pH 11.0, await further research. The results confirm that the analysis of the ITS sequences is a reliable basis for determination of the genetic relatedness among strains of the genus Dunaliella, and the search for strains with novel characteristics may have valuable biotechnological applications.

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