Background Central obesity is excessive accumulation of fat around the abdomen, which is associated with the risk of coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases. This study determined the magnitude of central obesity among adult patients using the waist-to-hip ratio, which has a superior capacity to measure the risk of developing non-communicable diseases compared to the body mass index used in previous studies in Ethiopia. Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 480 adults from April 1 to May 30, 2022. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected by using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. The data were entered into EPI INFO version 7 and analyzed by Statistical Software for Social Science Version 25. The associations between independent and dependent variables were checked using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used to measure the strengths of the association. Statistical significance was declared at a P value of less than 0.05. Results The magnitude of central obesity in this study was 40% (51.2% and 27.4% among females and males, respectively (95% CI 36–44%)). Being a female (AOR = 9.5, 95% CI 5.22–17.9), age range 35–44 (AOR = 7.0, 95% CI 2.9–16.7), 45–64 years (AOR = 10.1, 95% CI4.0–15.2), married (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.3–4.7), high monthly income (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI 1.5–7.3), high consumption of milk and milk products (AOR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.1–0.6), family history of obesity (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–3.2) were significantly associated with central obesity among the study participants. Conclusion The magnitude of central obesity was higher in the study area. Sex, age, marital status, monthly income, consumption of milk and milk products, and family history of obesity were independent determinants of central obesity. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness about central obesity through behavior change communication that targets the high-risk population.

Background: Arsi Zone is one of the esophageal cancer endemic areas and reported to have high incidence of esophageal cancer in Ethiopia. This study assessed clinico-pathological patterns and spatial distributions of esophageal cancer in Arsi Zone, Oromia, Central Ethiopia.Methods: A cross sectional study design was carried out by abstracting data from 403 patients` records that were treated from January 2015 to January 2019. Data were collected by using structured data collection form and Geographical Positioning System software. The collected data were summarized in the form of tables, figures, means and standard deviations. Statistical data analysis was done using SPSS software version 21.0 while geospatial analysis was conducted using the Arc-GIS 10.1 software.Results: The disease was prominent among individuals aged 50 to 59 years. The mean age of females and males was 52.2(SD+10.41) and 56.94(SD +12.27) years respectively. The vast majority (98.3%) of the cases had squamous cell carcinoma. Dysphagia with weight loss accounted for 87.6 percent of the presenting symptoms. The tumor was located at the lower thorax of 42.9% of the patients. Majority (62%) of the patients were from the eastern and north-eastern parts of the Arsi zone. Overwhelming majorities of the patients were from the Robe, Jaju, Disksis and Sude districts.Conclusion: Dysphagia with weight loss was the major symptom during first visit. Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant histopathological type. Eastern and the northeastern parts of the Zone are the most affected regions. Future studies should focus on the determinants of EC and precise areas with high incidence by using prospective studies through the population and/or facility-based cancer registry systems

No abstract