The rate of tooth movement is more rapid with Ni Ti coil spring than with the elastomeric module.

Objective: To measure the sagittal changes in the maxilla via angular change in point A with Sella Nasion plane and incisor to palatal plane before (T1) and after (T2) rapid palatal expansion with bonded expander. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Feb 2017 from Jan 2018. Methodology: 30 patients both male and female presenting to orthodontics department AFID between the ages of 9 and 12 years, with transverse maxillary deficiency were given a bonded hyrax appliance with an activation schedule of 2 turns per day, the retention period was 2 months followed by further retention with a removable plate. Two cone beam computerized tomography evaluations were done. One pre-expansion (T1) and the other after 2 months of retention (T2). Results: 30 children 16 males (53%) and 14 females (47%) with a mean age of 11.03 ± 0.76 years were studied showing that from pre-treatment to post-treatment Sella Nasion point A value changed insignificantly from 77.03 ± 2.81 to 77.2 ± 3.02and 1 to palatal plane changed insignificantly from 111.82 ± 5.74 to 110.8 ± 5.80. Paired sample t-test results confirmed the statistically insignificant change in Sella Nasion point A and 1to Palatal Plane. Conclusion: Following rapid palatal expansion with a bonded expander in growing patients the change in maxillary location in the sagittal dimension and the change in inclination of incisor to palatal plane following expansion was insignificantly affected statistically and hence clinically.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of digitally/computer-traced cephalograms compared to hand-traced cephalograms in terms of differences in mean angular and linear cephalometric measurements.Study Design: Observational (cross-sectional comparative).Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Orthodontics Department of Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry (AFID), Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from June 2020 to December 2020.Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty patients aged 12 – 24 years undergoing treatment at the department were randomly selected. Cephalograms were recorded by a digital cephalographic system, keeping the distance between film and object at 5 feet and exposure time at 80 KV/0.5 sec. Both hard and soft copies were obtained. Hand tracings were done using the hard copy with a 0.5 mm lead pencil on 0.003-inch matte acetate paper. Digital tracings were performed using the soft copy of the same digital cephalometric system in the Viewbox software version 4.0. Linear and angular measurements were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics were calculated. For comparison between two methods, i.e., vs Computerized tracing, an independent sample t-test was applied while the p-value was kept ≤0.05.Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between cephalometric measurements obtained via the two methods for any of the linear or angular measurements.Conclusion: Computerized cephalometric analysis is reliable and time-effective, and its accuracy is comparable to manual analysis.