Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) indicating lower uterine segment involvement (LUSI) in endometrioid endometrial cancer and lymph node metastasis based on the lymphatic drainage difference between the uterine corpus and the lower segment. Material and methods: Patients who underwent staging surgery for endometrioid endometrial cancer between January 2010 and January 2019 at our institution were reviewed. The clinicopathologic findings and LUSI status of the patients were compared with their LVSI and lymph node metastasis status. Results: Of the 253 patients included in this study, 49 (19.4%) had LUSI. Among these patients, none of the 31 LVSI-negative patients had metastatic lymph node involvement. However, of the 18 LVSI-positive patients, half had metastatic lymph node involvement; this difference was significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The significant correlation between LVSI and lymph node metastasis in LUSI-positive cases indicates that pathologists should also focus on LVSI findings in the frozen examination required for the decision of staging surgery in patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer limited to the uterus. This is especially important in patients with a lower uterine segment involvement.

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Aim: To compare pregnancy outcomes between pregnant Syrian refugees and Turkish citizens with a history of multiple cesarean sections.Material and Methods: The pregnant women included in this retrospective cohort study were Syrian refugees and resident Turkish citizens with a history of multiple cesarean sections who were admitted between January 1 2017 and August 1 2018 in a tertiary hospital. All data about the demographics, multiple cesarean numbers, emergent/elective cesarean numbers, hematocrit values, and neonatal birth weights were comparatively analyzed between the two groups.Results: The Syrian refugee group had a higher ratio of women with a history of &gt;2 cesarean sections than the Turkish citizen group (23.2% vs 11.1%, p&lt;0.05). The ratio of urgent cesarean section operations were higher in the Syrian refugee group than in the Turkish citizen group (69.6% vs 55.4%, p&lt;0.05). The Syrian refugee group had longer pregnancy duration (39.08±1.01 vs 38.46±1.50 weeks, p&lt;0.001) and lower neonatal birth weights (3117.83±363.36 g vs 3230.93±472.67 g, p&lt;0.05).Conclusion: Our data suggested a significant relationship between a history of &gt;2 cesarean sections and the pregnant Syrian refugees. The Syrian refugees had longer pregnancy duration, lower neonatal birth weights, and a higher rate of emergency cesarean sections. Therefore, we think that complications related to caesarean section may increase gradually over time in Syrian refugee pregnant women.

Objective: Pituitary apoplexy during pregnancy is extremely rare. Hypofunction of multiple glands due to pituitary hormone deficiency can be life threatening for the fetus and mother. A poorly functioning pituitary gland presents a variety of neurological and endocrinological symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose. The authors present a case of pituitary apoplexy in a 24-week pregnant woman who was not previously diagnosed with pituitary adenoma. Case Report: A 26-year-old woman who was 24 weeks into her first pregnancy presented with pituitary apoplexy, which included symptoms of increasing headache, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and hypotensive attacks. With a multidisciplinary approach involving the departments of neurosurgery, endocrinology, gynaecology, and obstetrics, the patient underwent rapid replacement therapy and pituitary tumour excision. Pregnancy ended at the 39th week without any feto-maternal complication. Conclusion: Pituitary apoplexy developing during pregnancy is rare and, difficult to diagnose, and requires a multidisciplinary approach to achieve a successful outcome.

Context: We sought to clarify the impact of adenomyosis on the clinical and pathological prognosis of endometrial cancer to aid the selection of appropriate surgical intervention based on the diagnosis of adenomyosis. Aims: Our study aimed to report the frequency of adenomyosis in patients with endometrioid cancer and correlate its incidence rate with the survival and prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 357 patients. Patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma were divided into two groups based on the presence of adenomyosis. The groups were compared in terms of tumor diameter, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), low-high risk pathologic status, stage of the disease, and survival outcome. Statistical Analysis Used: Continuous variables were analyzed using the Student's t or Mann–Whitney U-test. Survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier test. Results: The average age was similar between the two groups. In total, 47 (13.2%) of 357 patients had adenomyosis. A total of 43 (91.4%) cases with adenomyosis and 258 (83.2%) cases without adenomyosis had Stage I endometrioid adenocarcinoma (n = 301, 84.3%). Moreover, 32 (68.1%) cases with adenomyosis and 187 (60.3%) cases without adenomyosis were in the low-risk group. There was no statistically significant correlation between the risk groups (P = 0.309) and overall survival between the two groups (P = 0.416). Conclusion: No correlation was seen between the characteristics of endometrioid type endometrial cancer and survival rates in patients with or without adenomyosis. The impact of adenomyosis as a factor in evaluating the perioperative prognosis and planning postoperative adjuvant therapy for endometrial cancer should be assessed by further studies.