We analyzed the karyotype of fetuses with ultrasonographically detected neural tube defects (NTDs). In our study, we included a total of 194 fetuses with NTDs. We analyzed the type of NTD, the karyotype, maternal age, fetal gestational age at diagnosis, and fetal sex. Of the 194 fetuses with NTDs, 87 were anencephalic and 107 had other, nonanencephalic, NTDs. A total of 12 fetuses were shown to have chromosomal abnormalities. Three of 87 anencephalic fetuses (3.45%) had chromosomal abnormalities. The sex ratio for anencephalic fetuses was 65.5% : 34.5% for female and male fetuses. Nine of 107 fetuses with other NTDs (8.41%) had chromosomal abnormalities. Seven fetuses had isolated NTDs and a further seven fetuses had additional ultrasonographic anomalies. Two of the latter had abnormal karyotypes. The sex ratio of all other NTD cases was 67.3% : 32.7% for female and male fetuses. The high number of chromosomal abnormalities justifies prenatal karyotyping in all fetuses with ultrasonographically diagnosed NTDs.