There are many determinants of sports motivation such as athletes’ personal characteristics, coaches, peers, parents and the other environmental factors. In this research, the aim was to analyse whether there was a relationship between perceived parent-initiated motivational climate and self-determined motivation of karate athletes. Karate athletes (N=325) participated in the research and completed the adolescent version of the Sport Motivation Scale and Parent-Initiated Motivational Climate Questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses showed that the athletes’ self-determined motivation significantly correlated with learning and enjoyment climate, worry-conducive climate and success-without-effort climate perceived both in father and mother. Besides, regression analysis showed that perceived family climate significantly contributed to selfdetermined motivation. Linear combination of father learning and enjoyment climate (β=.21), father successwithout effort climate (β=-.17), and mother success-without-effort climate (β=-.14) significantly contributed to self-determined motivation (F(3,321)=18.88, R2=.15, p<.001). In conclusion, the results indicated that athletes’ perception of parent-initiated motivational climate was important for their self-determined motivation. The findings were evaluated and some implications for parents were proposed.

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The terms "critical thinking and problem solving" are crucial for cognitive processes of athletes. It could also be said that these two concepts are likely to affect athletic performance of individuals. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate critical thinking and problem solving disposition of athletes. For this purpose 432 athletes (X age : 20.53±3.85; X sportexperience : 9.47±4.22) who comprise of 261 males (60.4%) and 171 females (39.6%) participated to the research. Problem Solving Inventory and California Scale of Disposition to Think Critically. The data was analysed by SPSS 17.0 by using descriptive statistics and t-test Level of significance was determined to be 0.05. Results showed that mean score for critical thinking was 3,82±,41 and the mean was 3,83±,46 for problem solving skill of the athletes. It was also found that there was not a significant difference between males and females according to critical thinking (p>0,05). However, males' and females' scores for problem solving significantly differed (p<0,05). Any significant difference was not obtained according to sport type. Overall, it could be said that gender can act as a determiner role among athletes in terms of problem solving disposition.

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Background The aim of the study was to investigate the comparison of anxiety, motivation and brain waves according to gender and education levels. In addition, the study also examined the relationship among anxiety, motivation and brain waves in kareteists. Material/Method: Sixty one participants voluntarily participated in the study. CSAI-2 (Competitive State Anxiety Inventory), STAI (State Trait Anxiety Inventory), Sport Motivation Scale and Pro-Comp Infinity Biofeedback Device were used for data collection. The data was analysed in SPSS 13.0 package program. Results: As a result of the study; While a significant difference between education levels was observed for the values of somatic anxiety and theta wave (p<0.05), there was no significant difference in trait anxiety, cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, self-confidence, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and amotivation (p>0.5). Pearson's correlation test revealed that there was only a significant positive correlation between the values of age and theta brainwave (r: 0.654, p<0.05), whereas, there was no significant correlation between other variables (p>0.05). Conclusions: EEG biofeedback procedure is employed for reducing anxiety and increasing motivation and self confidence. The present study helps to arrange these psychological patterns for athletes and coaches.