Objective(s): evaluation of effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation instructional program on health-related quality of life and to find out the relationship between health-related quality of life and patient’s socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.  Methodology: A descriptive study design was carried out from 8th August, 2022 to 10th January, 2023. A non-probability purposive sample of (50) patients undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery at Iraqi center for heart diseases using pre-experimental design. The data were collected by direct interview with sample using questionnaire composed of three parts: part (1) Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics which included 11 items. Part (2) Knowledge related to the cardiac rehabilitation program, which includes 20 items, and part (3) Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) which included 5 domains. Data analysis was carried out through using (SPSS) package ver.23. Descriptive and inferential data were analyzed by using: frequency, percentage, mean of score, standard deviation and paired t test. Results: The findings of the study showed that most of patients (66%) were males, (38%) were within the age group (48- 57 years). Patient’s knowledge about cardiac rehabilitation before applying the program were poor in most items, while their knowledge increased after applying the program. Conclusions: The study concluded that there were high significant statistical differences between patient’s knowledge about cardiac rehabilitation program and their HRQoL. Also there is significant positive relationship between HRQoL and patient’s socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Recommendations: The study recommended the urge need for establishing cardiac rehabilitation programs within the Iraqi cardiac hospitals and centers and applying of rehabilitation programs that focus on improving HRQoL.

The results showed for 60 nurses divided in two group there was highly statistically significant differences between pre and post-test for the study group (at p<0.001), while showed that there were no statistically significant differences between pre and post-test for the control group (at p>0.05). Also there were no significant statistical differences between practices toward Management of Postoperative pain for adult patients undergoing abdominal surgery with nurses' age, gender, and education level at a p-value ˃ 0.05. A quasi-experimental design study had been applied with the use of pre and post-test approaches for two groups of samples 60 nurses (study and control) to examine the effectiveness of the interventional program and nurses’ practice in the management of postoperative pain for adult patients undergoing abdominal surgery in Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital. The reliability of the questionnaire was achieved through a pilot study and then presented to experts to prove its validity. The total number of items included in the questionnaire was 10-items. The data was collected by using the semi-structured interview and analyzed by the application of a descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis approach.

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an interventional program on nursesꞌ practices about aseptic technique in operation room. A quasi experimental design was carried out at Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital for the period from 15thoctober, 2021 to 28thapril, 2022. Purposive sample comprised of (60) nurses who have been actually working in the operation room. Those nurses are divided into two groups, study and control groups, the study group consisted of (30) nurses exposed to an interventional program and the control group consisted of (30) nurses who were not exposed to the program. The measurement of effectiveness of an interventional program through the use of practice checklist includes (20) items concerning aseptic technique in operation room. The instrument validity was determined through a panel of experts. Reliability of instrument was determined through the use of test and retest.

Background: Vital Capacity (VC); Force Expiratory Volume (FEV1) and Force Expiratory Volume percentage (FEV %) are useful adjunctive tool in diagnosis of cardio pulmonary dyspnea in the emergency department. Nurses' role in this department is to assess the psychological and physiological status related to dyspnea in patients with cardiopulmonary disease at an early stage and nursing management according to their conditions. Objective: to assess the physiological and psychological status related to dyspnea in patients with cardiopulmonary disease. Methodology: Pulmonary function test was carried out on (60) patients suffering from cardiopulmonary disease referred consecutively  to the outpatient clinic for pulmonary function test in Baghdad Teaching Hospital, For every patients participate in this study a proper psychological review was done to know the presence of the psychological problem related to dyspnea. Results: Results of the study show that there is highly significant difference increased in FEV1% and high level of dyspnea and the results of this study also show that there is significant difference with increasing depression and anxiety status and high level of dyspnea. Conclusion: Verbal descriptors of dyspnea in cardiopulmonary disease are related to the intensity level of dyspnea, and dyspnea is influenced not only by physiological status but also by psychological status. Recommendation: The development and implantation of educational instructional program for nurses (theory and practice) for the care of patients with cardiopulmonary are very important.

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing educational program on nurse's practice toward arrhythmia in Kirkuk's teaching hospitals Methodology: A quasi-experimental design was carried out at Azady and Kirkuk teaching hospitals in 17th January, 2011 to 10th of Jun, 2012. The program and instruments constructed were developed by the researcher to measure the purpose of the study. Purposive sample comprised of (80) nurses was divided into two groups, study group consisted of (40) nurses exposed to the nursing educational program and control group consisted of (40) nurses were not exposed to the program. The measurement of effectiveness of nursing educational program through the observational checklist includes (25) items concerning ECG. Reliability of instrument was determined through the use of test and retest and the instrument validity was determined through a panel of experts. Results: The results of the study showed that the effectiveness of educational program regarding nurses' practice toward arrhythmia is a positive and clear. It is also shows that there is good improvement with highly significant differences in study group in overall main domains related to nurses' practice. Recommendation: The study recommended that an educational program can be designed and constructed for nurses through the program ,an emphasis can be directed and oriented in ECG toward arrhythmias, the nurses can be encouraged for being participated in a special training programs designed and constructed to fulfill the nurses needs concerning defects and limitation in their practices and collaborative work can be issued between the ministry of health and higher education to provide such program.