This work was designed to study the potential effect of kiwifruit, turmeric extract or their combination in alleviation of the liver toxicity induced by tramadol intake. Thirty rats were fed on a basal diet, six of them continued on the basal diet (negative control). The remaining rats were given tramadol daily and divided into four groups, one of them served as positive control, while the other three groups were treated daily with kiwifruit juice, turmeric water extract and their combination for four weeks. The results revealed that the positive control exhibited significant decreases in serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL-c levels and a significant increase in serum LDL-c as compared to the negative control. In comparing with the positive control, the serum cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL-c and HDL-c values increased while LDL-c value decreased significantly in the three treated groups which reached the normal values of the negative control. The findings revealed significant decreases in serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT and total bilirubin and significant increases in total protein and albumin of the treated groups in comparing with the positive control. An improvement of the antioxidant parameters was observed where the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, acetylcholine esterase and total oxidative capacity decreased significantly while the levels of superoxide dismutase and total antioxidants capacity increased in all the treated groups in comparing with positive control group. It is recommended by using kiwifruit and turmeric extract in the diets of those who addicted to tramadol intake.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Hayani date peel powder and its methanolic extract on glycemia and lipidemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats as well as their effects on kidney and liver functions in addition to their anti-inflammatory activity. Twenty-four rats were used in this study, six of them served as normal control (group 1) which continued feeding on the basal diet, while the remaining 18 rats were injected with streptozotocin (50mg/kg) to induce diabetes. The diabetic rats were divided into three groups (6 rats each), one of them feeding on the basal diet only which acted as diabetic control (group 2), another group fed on the basal diet and treated orally with the peel extract in a concentration of 250 mg/kg body weight (group 3), while the third group was treated with peel powder merged in the basal diet with a concentration of 5% w/w (group 4).  The results showed that the extract and the powder of the peels significantly decreased the blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatinine, and uric acid as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin 2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1B (IL-1β), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels. In contrast, significant increases in serum insulin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and albumin were noticed in comparison to diabetic control. Generally, the peel extract was more effective than the peel powder. It is recommended by eating the whole fruit of date without peeling.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of using black plum (Prunus salicina) and black cherry (Prunus cerasus) juices in the alleviation of the side effects resulting from multiple sclerosis (MS) in rats. Chemical composition and phytochemical screening of the two fruits were carried out in addition to the estimation of the antioxidant activity of the fruit juices in vitro. In the biological experiment, thirty adult male albino rats (weighing 135 to 145 g) were used, six of them were served as normal control which remained on the basal diet during the period of the experiment. The remaining groups were injured with cuprizone in a dose of a 3 g / kg diet, one of them was left as a positive control (MS control) while the other three groups were treated daily with the juices of black plum, black cherry, and their mixture (1:1 v/v) in a dose of 15 ml/kg b.wt. using a stomach tube. The weight gain of the rats and food efficiency ratio was calculated. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, and their blood was drawn for analysis. The results showed that the weight gain and food efficiency ratio of the positive control decreased significantly as compared to the normal control while significant increases in their values were seen in the three treated groups as compared to the positive group. The findings showed that the levels of serum ALT and AST increased while the level of serum albumin decreased significantly in the positive control. The treated groups with the juices revealed significant improvements in these liver parameters where significant decreases in both ALT and AST and a

Background and Objective: High fructose consumption has increased worldwide. It causes various metabolic, genetic and histologic alterations. Alternative medicine, primarily herbal plants, has been proposed to alleviate the negative effects of high fructose consumption. The main objective of this study was to explore the efficacy of supplementation or treatment with mango leaves against high fructose induced alterations in male rats. Methodology: Mango leaves nutritional and active components were determined. A total of sixty male adult rats were used in this study. Fifteen rats were kept as healthy (negative control group; rats fed on balanced diet) while in others metabolic alterations were induced by consumption of high fructose diet ad libitum. Rats fed on high fructose diet were splited into 3 groups (15 rats in each), one group set as positive control group; rats fed on high fructose diet only and the other 2 groups; mango treated group; rats fed on high fructose diet until induction of hyperglycemia (one month and half) then fed on high fructose diet with replacement of fiber with 5% mango leaves and mango supplemented group; rats fed on high fructose diet with 5% mango leaves replacing fiber. Results: Mango leaves contain significant amounts of crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrates, crude fiber, ash, total flavonoids and polyphenols that controlled and corrected the following high fructose consumption results. Consumption of high fructose diet significantly (p≤0.05) increased final body weight (FBW), body weight gain (BWG), abdominal circumference (AC), Lee index and body mass index (BMI). High fructose also significantly (p≤0.05) increased levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum  triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting blood glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), serum tumor necrosis factor-α   (TNF-α), leptin, malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and adipocyte size as well as blood histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme activity. High fructose consumption contrarily caused significant decrease (p≤0.05) in levels of quantitative insulin check index of insulin sensitivity (QUICKI), adiponectin, muscular insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) gene expression as well as blood reduced glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, microscopic examinations of the pancreatic and adipose tissues corroborated the biochemical findings. Conclusion: Mango leaves are a cheap source of macro and micronutrients as well as active constituents. By limiting metabolic and genetic abnormalities caused by high fructose consumption, either mango leaf supplementation or therapy improved and ameliorated all biochemical and microscopic data. The mango leaves supplemented group showed the most improvement.

he effect of using food products fortified with stevia leaves and other materials such as pomegranate molasses, ginger, sesame seeds, and pumpkin seeds on the general acceptability of the sweetness and its ameliorative impacts on diabetes caused by STZ in rats. The sweets were prepared as (control and supplemented with stevia leaves individually and in combination with the other materials). The proximate chemical composition of raw materials, products, and sensory properties were evaluated. The results revealed that STZ induced diabetes in rats caused a significant decrease in FBW, BWG%, G%, FI and FER compared to the negative control group. While, found a increase in ALT and AST, TC, TG, VLDL-C, and LDL-C, however, serum HDL-C level, testosterone, LH and FSH, SOD, activity and GPA and NO were decreased significantly compared to the healthy rats. Administration of stevia with other materials such as pomegranate molasses, ginger, sesame seeds, and pumpkin seeds alleviates the impact of diabetic disease. The conclusion was that sweetness products supplemented with stevia received acceptable sensory scores and exhibited protection in diabetes. This effect can be attributed to their high nutritional quality and their rich content of the antioxidant activity, and minerals especially phosphorus, calcium, sodium, zinc, copper, iron, and magnesium.