The present study was conducted during 2019 and 2020 seasons in the Experimental Farm of EL-Quassassin, Horticulture Research Station, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt to investigate the effect of foliar application of glutamic acid on sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum, L. var. Grand Vert) plants grown under different irrigation levels. A split-plot design was used, the main factor was irrigation levels (50%, 75% and 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)), while the glutamic acid at (0, 5 and 10 mM) were assigned in sub-factor. The results showed that irrigation rates had a significant effect on most aspects for the two cuts in both seasons. Where the irrigation level at 100% ETc was the most effective treatment. The foliar spraying with glutamic acid on sweet basil plants had a positive effect on plants, it significantly increased growth, yield parameters and chemical composition in treated plants as compared to un treated ones. Regarding the interaction treatments, it was worth to be mentioned that, there was insignificant difference, when spraying with glutamic acid under irrigation level at 100 or 75% ETc in most studied traits. Also, the results of Gc-Ms analysis of sweet basil volatile oil indicated that, the highest linalool content which consider the main component was produced with irrigation level at 75% ETc +spraying with 10mM glutamic acid. Furthermore, glutamic acid foliar application improve irrigation water utilization efficiency (IW.Ut.E). The highest IW.Ut.E was recorded at the interaction of irrigation level at 50% ETc with foliar application by10mM glutamic acid.

Research Department in Dokki. The aim of this work was to study the effect of foliar application of phenylalanine (Phe) and p-nitro phenylacetic acid (PNPAA) each of them alone at (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) on cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) plant growth, fruits yield, volatile oil production and its major chemical constituents. In general results indicated that, the foliar application of phenylalanine or p-nitrophenylacetic acid significantly increased vegetative growth expressed as (plant height, number of branches per plant) and produced higher fruits yield (g)/plant as well as volatile oil percentage and oil yield compared with control in the two seasons. Moreover, the highest values were obtained from phenylalanine or p-nitrophenylacetic acid at 150 ppm. Cumin plants showed more effective response to p-nitrophenylacetic acid (PNPAA) than phenylalanine (Phe). As for GLC analysis, the results showed that in general the highest percentage of p-menth-1-en7-ol and cumin aldehyde (p-isopropylbenzaldehyde) the main constituents in the volatile oil achieved with the treatment p-nitrophenylacetic acid at 150 ppm. The high concentration of phenylalanine and p-nitrophenylacetic acid (150 ppm) had significant increments in total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity compared with control. There was a significant increase in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity compared to control. Also, there was an increment in IAA, GA3 and low level of ABA. It was observed that p-nitrophenylacetic acid (150 ppm) was superior to phenylalanine (150 ppm) in all afore mentioned characters.

Salinity is one of the most crucial variables that limits crop productivity and quality. They influence various physiological processes, including seed germination and subsequent plant growth. The negative effects of salinity stress on germination could be minimized through different seed priming treatments. In this regard, this study was conducted to investigate the priming of cumin seed with both Amla extract and salt solution (NaCl) as an interesting strategy to improve salt tolerance and its impact on cumin (Cuminum cyminum L) seed germination and growth. Our data showed that seed priming before planting in Amla extract and salt solution improved growth parameters such as cumin length, number of branches, fresh weight, seed weight per plant, and number of seeds per umbel. The present study also showed a decrease in growth parameters under severe stress conditions (50 mM NaCl), while plants pre-soaked with both Amla extract and salt solution reduced this effect. Pre-soaking in Amla extract and salt solution reduced the inhibitory effect of salt stress on photosynthetic pigments and significantly increased the content of essential oils, total phenolic, flavonoids, amino acid content, proline, and antioxidant activity under the influence of severe salt stress. The findings of this research revealed that treatment of cumin plants with both Amla extract and NaCl strongly stimulated the expression of the SA, PRO, and POX genes.