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The main goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between psychosocial variables and diabetic children patients and to obtain a classifier function with which it was possible to classify the patients on the basis of assessed adherence level. The rough set theory is used to identify the most important attributes and to induce decision rules from 302 samples of Kuwaiti diabetic children patients aged 7–13 years old. To increase the efficiency of the classification process, rough sets with Boolean reasoning discretization algorithm is introduced to discretize the data, then the rough set reduction technique is applied to find all reducts of the data which contains the minimal subset of attributes that are associated with a class label for classification. Finally, the rough sets dependency rules are generated directly from all generated reducts. Rough confusion matrix is used to evaluate the performance of the predicted reducts and classes. A comparison between the obtained results using rough sets with decision tree, neural networks, and statistical discriminate analysis classifier algorithms has been made. Rough sets show a higher overall accuracy rates and generate more compact rules.

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This paper presents a robust blind frequency domain watermarking scheme based on chaotic maps. The proposed scheme embeds a black and white watermark logo in the midband components of a host image according to a discrete wavelet transform. Each watermark bit is embedded into a small submatrix of selected second level subbands of an image resulting from iterated applications of a two‐dimensional discrete wavelet transform. This scheme embeds two copies of the watermark using two different methods, in two different subbands of the image. At the cost of embedding capacity, this results in improving the security and robustness of the watermarking scheme. Experimental results demonstrate that the suggested scheme provides imperceptibility and robustness against image processing attacks such as JPEG compression, low‐pass filtering, median filtering, Gaussian noise, scaling, rotating, cropping, histogram equalization, and gamma correction. Experimental results also show superior robustness of the suggested scheme over existing algorithms with a similar approach. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.