Introduction: Nowadays, the study of biological safety of modern cationic surface-active antiseptics with a wide antimicrobial spectrum has acquired particular importance. The aim was to study antimicrobial effectiveness of antiseptics decamethoxin, miramistin and their influence on nuclear DNA fragmentation and cellular cycle. Materials and methods: A comparative microbiological study of antimicrobial efficacy and a cytometric study of the effect of decamethoxin 0,02% and miramistin 0,01% on the cellular cycle were carried out. Antimicrobial activity of decamethoxin and miramistin was estimated by their minimal inhibitory and minimal microbicidal concentrations against opportunistic microorganisms using serial double dilution technique. Decamethoxin and miramistin cytotoxicity on anterior corneal epithelial cells, after their two-week daily instillation into the eyes of a Vistar line male rats was studied using flow cytometry. The parameters of epithelial cellular cycle, nuclear DNA fragmentation and apoptosis under the influence of antiseptics were registered. Results: High antimicrobial effect of decamethoxin and miramistin against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria with the significant advantages of decamethoxin were found (р<0,001). Decamethoxin caused minimal influence on anterior corneal epithelial cells, the insignificant decrease of their proliferation index, low increase of apoptosis (0.68%), no difference of mitotic activity (p>0.05). But the use of miramistin resulted in the significant increase of nuclear DNA fragmentation, decrease of proliferative activity (р<0.05). Conclusions: Higher antimicrobial effect against a wide range of opportunistic pathogens is proved in decamethoxin 0,02% comparably to miramistin 0,01% (р<0,001). In prolonged antiseptic use of the first one there were found no cytotoxic and no pro-apoptotic effects on the epithelium (р<0,05).

Introduction: Acute viral rhinitis is one of the most common pathologies among the population of the globe. Although, at first glance, this pathology seems simple and well-studied, but due to the high incidence, the load it creates on the health care system encourages in-depth study. Aims: To examine the dynamics of changes in quality of life and local levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in patients with acute viral rhinitis in different treatment regimens. Methodology: The prospective study included 84 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of acute viral rhinitis. In accordance with the purpose and objectives of the study, all patients on days 1, 5 and 10, in addition to routine studies, were determined by local levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as to determine the quality of life. Results: In patients of the study group, only partial recovery of local levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and indicators of the physical component of quality of life was observed during 10 days of treatment. The emotional and functional components of quality of life in patients of this study were more correlated than with the physical component and local levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which are objective indicators of the activity of the inflammatory process. Complementing the traditional treatment regimen with 0.25% oxolin in the form of an ointment has reduced the duration of the disease, reduced the incidence of bacterial complications and improved the quality of life of patients with acute viral rhinitis in the short term. Conclusions: The dynamics of local levels of TNF-α and IL-1β reflects the nature of the inflammatory process in the nasal mucosa and clearly correlates with the physical component of quality of life.

Currently: the problem of choosing an effective drug approach for cerebroprotection, in case of traumatic brain injury (TBI), remains to be poorly understood. Clinical studies of cerebroprotectors - antagonists of NMDA-receptors indicate the feasibility of their use in practice. In our opinion, for further research, it would be correct to choose a compound that has neuroprotective properties and synthesized under the guidance of Academician M.O. Lozynsky at the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, a derivative of 1-adamantylethyloxy-3-morpholoin-2-propanol hydroxide (Ademol). Materials and Methods: The pharmacological action of Ademol was investigated on the example of a simulated TBI at a dose of 2 mg/kg intravenously every 12 hours for 8 days. The control group and pseudooperated animals received NaCl 0,9% at a dose of 2 mg/kg intravenously (i/v), the comparison group received Amantadine sulfate 5 mg/kg. To determine the efficiency and activity of these molecules the activity of the protein S 100 was used. Results: The dynamics of S 100 protein levels in groups of rats with Ademol and Amantadine sulfate with traumatic brain injury on the 8th day of observation indicates that on the background of the above therapy, the content of the studied marker decreased by an average of 50,8 and 39.9%. Treatment of rats with severe traumatic brain injury with Ademol at a dose of 2 mg/kg (i/v), was probably better than treatment of rats in the control group with saline and amantadine sulfate and better helped to reduce the growth of protein S 100 level, while Ademol exceeded the reference drug at 18,2% (p <0.05).

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Annotation. Postoperative infectious complications in eye microsurgery are most often caused by S. aureus strains, among which resistance to fluoroquinolones, first-line drugs for the prevention of postoperative complications, is common. An alternative to fluoroquinolones is antiseptics. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of decamethoxin antiseptic on the antimicrobial properties of fluoroquinolones against S. aureus. Studies on the combined effect of the antimicrobial properties of fluoroquinolones and decamethoxin (DCM) were performed on the S. aureus museum strain ATCC 25923, on moderately stable and persistent S. aureus clinical strains (n=42) obtained from patients undergoing eye microsurgical procedures, by serial dilution method. The minimum bacteriostatic concentration (MBsC), the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBcC) of antimicrobials separately in pure form and with the addition of sub-bacteriostatic concentrations (subBsC, 1/4 MBsC) of DCM were determined. Statistical data processing was performed using special and office programs “STATISTICA 6.0”, “Microsoft Excel 2010”. The study found low sensitivity to fluoroquinolones in clinical strains of S. aureus, high sensitivity to DCM (MBsC 0.66±0.1; MBcC 3.19±0.4 μg/ml). The sensitivity of resistant and moderately resistant strains of S. aureus to fluoroquinolones in the presence of subBsC DCM was established: MBsC of ciprofloxacin in the presence of DCM decreased almost 4 times, norfloxacin — 5.5 times, ofloxacin — 6.8 times, of levofloxacin — 6.8 times, moxifloxacin 7.1 times. It was found that MBcC of norfloxacin for clinical resistant S. aureus strains decreased in 5.7 times, ofloxacin — in 9.2 times, levofloxacin — in 6.9 times, ciprofloxacin — in 8.6 times, moxifloxacin — in 7.9 times. The simultaneous use of antiseptic DCM and various fluoroquinolone chemotherapeutic agents provides effective protection against staphylococcal infection, contributes to the fight against antibiotic resistant strains of S. aureus.