AbstractsEgg storage duration can affect embryo mortality, hatching characteristics, hatching time, and post-hatch chick quality. In order to assess these effects, the impact of storage duration (5 days, 10 days, 15 days) and short incubation period during egg storage (SPIDES) investigated further 18, 900 eggs of broiler breeder (ROSS 308) in 3 × 2 factorial arrangement design. In the SPIDES treatment, the egg shell temperature was raised from its storage temperature (18 °C) and held at 100 °F for 3.5 h. Storage periods could significantly (P < 0.05) influence on embryo mortality (total, early, middle, and late), hatchability of both the total eggs and fertile eggs. The SPIDES treatment had a significant (P < 0.05) impact on a lower embryonic death rate and improved egg hatchability. Eggs stored for 5 days and eggs treated with SPIDES significantly (P < 0.001) shorten hatching time, batch’s 90% hatching time (T 90% H), mean hatching time (MHT), maximal hatching period (MHP), and hatching window (HW). Chick quality was also determined, whereas storing eggs for 5 days and using the SPIDES treatment resulted in enhanced (P < 0.001) chick weight relative to egg weight (CW/EW), activity (AC), and chick quality score (CQS). The residual yolk sac weight (RYSW), unhealed navel (UHN %), and dirty feather (DF%) recorded the lowest (P < 0.001) values compared to long storage periods and control group. Finally, stored for 5 days treated by SPIDES positively affected the hatchability characteristics, the shortening hatching time, and the quality of chicks. Regarding the results, it was confirmed that using the SPIDES treatment to prevent the harmful effects of broiler eggs being stored for an extended period of time is a viable option.

The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of flock age (younger breeder flock 33 WKS and older breeder flock 43 WKS), air pressure during incubation period (low, 100719 (LAP) and high, 101000 (HAP) Pascal) and the type of litter on carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chicks. A total number of 600 one day old chicks (Ross 308) hatched from eggs of two flocks in different age (each of 300 chicks)were randomly chosen divided into two sub experimental groups according the air pressure of incubation conditions (each of 150 chicks), each sub-group divided into three sub-sub experimental groups were raised on floor house provided with litters of wood shaving, plastic and sand, respectively. This study was design as 2×2×3 factorial arrangement experiment. The results obtained showed that, broiler chicks produced from older breeder flock recorded the higher significant (p>0.05) absolute and relative weights of eviscerated carcass, giblets, total edible parts, protein, ash percentages, odor, color, elasticity and overall score of meat quality compared with younger ones. However broiler chicks produced from eggs incubated at HAP shoed the higher absolute and relative weights of eviscerated carcass, giblets, total edible parts, percentages of protein, fat pH, TVN, TPA and odor of meat. Broilers chicks raised on plastic (PL) litter type showed the higher values of absolute and relative weights of eviscerated carcass total edible parts, percentages of protein and ash, meat sensory evaluation and recorded the lowest microbial count of APC bacteria in meat and cecal . According to the interaction between the studied factors, it could be concluded that the broiler chicks hatched from eggs of the flock at age of 43 WK, incubated at HAP and raised on plastic litter type (43 WKS × HAP ×PL) seemed to be adequate to achieve the favorable results.

Egg storage duration can affect embryo mortality, hatching characteristics, hatching time, and post-hatch chick quality. In order to assess these effects, the impact of storage duration (5d, 10d, 15 days) and short incubation period during egg storage (SPIDES) investigated further 18900 eggs of broiler breeder (ROSS 308) in 3×2 factorial arrangement design. Storage periods could significantly (P ≥ 0.05) influence on embryo mortality (total, early, middle and late), hatchability of both the total eggs and fertile eggs. All hatching time parameters as well as quality of chick also affected by all storing periods applied. SPIDES had a significant (P ≥ 0.05) impact on lower embryonic death rate, improved egg hatchability, significantly reduced all hatching time parameters especially hatching window (HW) and it gave the best quality to the hatched chick. Finally stored for 5d treated by (SPIDES) positively affected hatchability characteristics, shortening hatching time and the quality of chicks. Regarding on the results, it was confirmed that using the (SPIDES) treatment to prevent the harmful effects of broiler eggs being stored for a extended period of time is a viable option.

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This investigation was established to assess the effect of dietary different copper sources and levels supplementation on growth performance, plasma biochemical parameters and antioxidant activities of broiler chickens. Four hundred and twenty-one-day-old chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated into 7 experimental treatment (n= 60 birds per each).At the end of the experiment, results obtained revealed that birds fed basal diet with inorganic or organic Cu had significantly (P < 0.05) better live body weight, weight gain and feed conversion ratio, while feed intake was reduced comparison with control group. Chicks supplemented with organic CuNo3 significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth performance s compared with the other groups. Considerable reductions in plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected in the group that fed diet with 125 mg / kg diet Cu in comparison with other diets. Plasma glutathione (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant activity (T-AOC) were significantly enhanced with Cu-supplemented diets, while malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly declined in the experimental groups compared with the control group. In conclusion, Cu supplemented at level of 125 mg/ kg diet either copper nitrate or copper sulfate improved the productive performance, profile of lipid metabolism and oxidative response enzymes of broiler chickens. Broilers fed organic form of copper (copper nitrite) had better growth and immune response than those fed inorganic form of copper (copper sulfate) sulfate.