No abstract

Organizations can be regarded as one of the main social foundations in the present age and management can be one of the most important factors of life, growth, and flourishing of the organizations. The issue of training of leaders has complicated and mixed dimensions and identity, therefore there is not a deep understanding of the concept among most of the administrators and also in the research -scientific centers level. This paper aims to offer a model of the structural equations of the consisting variables of the core concept (leadership thinking, communication, and meritocracy). In this research, the analytical -descriptive method was used to offer the model of structural equations for the parameters of leadership thinking, communication, and meritocracy in the training of the organizational leaders of Oil Company. The statistical population includes top, middle and first line managers of Oil Company and the questionnaires were prepared randomly by sampling and according to the Morgan table for 384 subjects. Quantitative analyze of data were performed by SPSS software version 19, and the structural equations were analyzed by the 8/7 LISREL software. Finally, the effect of each of the variables of leadership thinking, communication, and meritocracy on the main variable of core concept was determined by the offered structural model. The model reliability was confirmed by the goodness of fit indices.

Background and Objectives: Competency-based medical education focuses on empowering the medical students with capabilities required to act effectively in their field work, in accordance with the needs and demands of the service sector. The remarkable rise in the interconnection between medicine and religious issues in recent years has intensified the need to addressing religious competencies in medical education. However, there is little evidence of such a tendency in the Iranian medical universities. We investigated the barriers and challenges faced by medical education system for the development of religious competencies.Methods: This qualitative study was carried out by conventional content analysis method. The participants were 18 faculty members and instructors from 7 Iranian medical universities, selected through purposeful sampling. The experts' opinions were obtained through deep semi-structured interviews and analyzed by MaxQDA (version 10). Results:The results revealed the challenges of developing religious competencies in five main categories including conceptual challenges (lack of clarified concept of religious competencies, and the predominance of secular approach), motivational challenges (lack of intrinsic/ extrinsic motivation), methodological challenges (lack of appropriate teaching/ learning methodology and inadequacy of assessment mechanisms), institutional challenges (the absence of supportive and facilitating organizational culture, lack of necessary infrastructures, discordant content and resources, and improper policies), and finally contextual challenges (sociocultural conflicts and macro social structures). Conclusion:Religious competencies development in Iranian medical education is in need of close attention to multiple factors affecting it, some of which are outlined in this article. It seems that a multifaceted look is needed for a comprehensive plan in this regard.

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of training based on learning organization in the staff of cement industry with production capacity over ten thousand tons. The purpose of this study is to propose a training model based on learning organization. For this purpose, the factors of organizational learning were introduced by qualitative research in the form of open codes, axial codes, selective codes and the resulted observations, and then the final model was obtained by structural equation model. The data were collected from the staff of three cement companies of Abyek, Tehran, and Sepahan, with a statistical population of 1719 staff of cement industry. The qualitative research sample included 29 experienced experts in the field of cement industry, and the quantitative research sample included 326 staff and experts, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. A self-made questionnaire consisting of 72 questions was used to measure quantitative variables. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.93 and its content and face validity was determined by expert colleagues and professors, the structural equation model and regression was used to analyze the quantitative data. The results showed that the status of learning organization in cement companies is in average level. Finally, the obtained model consisted of both individual and organizational factors. The individual factors affecting organizational learning include teaching scientific content, perception, trust, and self-efficacy of training. The organizational factors affecting organizational learning include organizational culture, forming the structure, the method of management and leadership, preparing human resource (identity), adaption to the environment, policies, rules, and regulations, and achieving a viable product. The share of individual factors on learning organization is higher than the effect organizational factors; the share of each factor is also determined.