This study was conducted to characterize the phenological traits, yield components and quality traits affecting wheat grain yield. Three wheat genotypes were evaluated during three planting dates (November 20, December 5, and December 20) and at four seeding densities 300, 350, 400 and 450 seeds per m2 for two years. Multivariate analyses were conducted based on the interaction effects of planting date and seeding density (PS), planting date and genotype (PG) and seeding density and genotype (SG) mean values. The results of correlation analysis showed that grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with biomass yield (0.91**), days to spiking (0.81**), days to anthesis (0.83**), and days to maturity (0.57*) for PS; with biomass yield (0.94**), days to spiking (0.87**), days to anthesis (0.75*), and harvest index (0.83**) for PG; with gluten index (0.73**), harvest index (0.68*), and 1000-grain weight for SG. Path analysis revealed that biomass yield for PS and PG, harvest index for PG and SG, and gluten index for SG exhibited the highest positive direct effect. Stepwise regression analysis also revealed important effect of biomass yield, harvest index, and days to maturity for improving grain yield in different agronomical conditions.

To investigate the impact of various amounts of seed rates on phenological characteristics, yield components, seed and oil yields for soybean cultivars, this experiment has been conducted in split plots in the form of randomized complete blocks with four replications in a farming field in 2013. The seed rates of 55, 70, 85 kg/ha were considered as the main factor and the soybean cultivars as the sub factor in Sari (JK), Telar (BP), Caspian (033), Nekador (032), Katul (D.P.X), and Sahar (Pershing).The results have shown that the seed rates can influence significantly all the characteristics except the number of seed in pod. In this regard, the traits like the distance of first pod from the earth surface and the number of pods in main stem increase as the rate of consumed seed increases. As a result, the number of pods in plant and 1000-seed weight decreases. Since interaction effect of seed rate and cultivar was not significant for all characteristics except the height of first pod from surface and the pods' number in main stem, it means that changes in these characteristics have a similar progress except characteristics at the given seed level. Average seed yield of genotypes for three seed levels of 55, 70 and 85kg/ ha are respectively 2999, 3246 and 2700 kg/ha which are statistically divided in two groups. Among the genotypes, the cultivar of Nekador performs a better the highest seed yield due to its seed yield components. The seed yield amount of this value in three seed levels in 55, 70, and 85 kg/ha are respectively 3766, 3643, and 3496 kg/ha which its value was in the same class for 55 and 70 kg/ha seed rates. Seed rates had not significant effects on days to maturity. Sahar and Katul with 135.3 and 156.9 days to maturity, respectively which were considered as early and late maturity genotypes. Significant positive correlation of seed yield with the characteristics including pods per plant and 1000-seed weight, indicating the important role of these two yield components for seed yield increasing.

To study the effect of different cultivars of seed on morphological traits and quality-quantity yield of oil rate of soybean cultivars, an experiment was conducted as split plots in a completely randomized block design with four replications at Mazandaran province in 2013. Seeding rates of 55, 70 and 85 kg per hectare as the main factor and soybean cultivars including Sari (JK), Telar (BP), Caspian (033), Nekador (032), Katul (DPX) and Sahar (Pershing) were considered as secondary factors. The results showed that seed rate has a significant effect on all traits except seed rate per pod. In this regard features such as plant height, and the distance of first pod from ground level increased by increasing the seeding rate. Average yield for the three seed genotypes of 55, 70 and 85 kg were respectively 2999, 3246 and 2700 kg per hectare, which were statistically in two groups. Among cultivars under study Nekador having the highest yield components had the highest seed yield. The yield rate of these three cultivars in three seed rate of 55 , 70 and 85 kg per hectare were respectively 3766 , 3643 and 3469 kg per hectare, that the amounts of 55 and 70 kg has been addressed in a statistics class. Sahar and Katul cultivars were with 135.5 and 156.9 days respectively considered among the earliest and most delayed genotypes. The correlation between seed yield and number of pods per plant and 1000 seed weight was manifested as a significantly positive indicating the prominent role of these two yield components on the seed yield.