Recurrence of neovascularization with bevacizumab monotherapy seems to be higher than that with conventional laser therapy among infants with Type 1 ROP in zone II ROP but reinjection of bevacizumab causes regression in most recurrent cases.

Purpose To compare the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection with conventional laser photocoagulation in eyes with type 1 zone II retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods Preterm infants with type 1 ROP in zone II (stage 2 or 3 ROP with plus disease) were randomly assigned to intravitreal injection of 0.625 mg/0.025 ml bevacizumab (Group 1) or laser photocoagulation (Group 2). Patients were followed weekly for 4 weeks and then biweekly till 90 weeks gestational age. Also, spherical and cylindrical refractive errors were compared at 90 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Results A total of 116 preterm infants (232 eyes) were treated and completed the follow-up period. IVB injection was done in 154 eyes (77 cases), and laser photocoagulation was done in 78 eyes (39 cases). ROP regressed after single IVB injection in 149 eyes (96.8%) and in 5 eyes (3.2%) after the second injection. Cataract developed in one eye (0.63%) after IVB injection. ROP regressed in 94.7% of treated eyes (76 eyes) in the laser photocoagulation group; however, retinal fold and traction developed in 2 eyes. Spherical and also cylindrical refractive errors had no significant difference. Conclusions Both IVB injection and laser photocoagulation are effective methods for the treatment of type 1 zone II ROP. However, re-treatment requirement may be higher in the IVB injection group. IVB re-injection is an effective option for re-treatment in persistent cases.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to assess the correlation of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels with choroidal thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).MethodsIn this prospective case series, 180 eyes from 90 patients with type 2 DM were classified into three study groups based on HbA1c values: group 1 included patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c ≤ 7%), group 2 included patients with moderate glycemic control (HbA1c between 7% and 8%), and group 3 included patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 8%). Additionally, 50 eyes from 25 non-diabetic subjects were enrolled to group 4 as a control group. Sub-foveal, nasal, and temporal choroidal thickness were measured and compared.ResultsMean central, nasal, and temporal choroidal thicknesses in diabetic patients (247.80, 238.63, and 239.30 μm) were significantly less than non-diabetic healthy subjects (277.56, 262.92, and 266.32 μm). Additionally, mean central, nasal, and temporal choroidal thickness values in group 4 (277.56, 262.92, and 266.32 μm) were significantly greater than the corresponding values in group 2 (248.34, 237.55, and 236.45 μm) and group 3 (239.81, 234.62, and 233.94 μm), but was not significantly different from corresponding values in group 1 (259.46, 246.12, and 251.00 μm).Conclusion HbA1c values have a significant correlation with choroidal thickness in diabetic patients, and better glycemic control with HbA1c ≤ 7% may prevent choroidal thinning.