We think that elevated MPV levels in an ICU patient should alert clinicians for worse outcome. Physicians should be more careful in the management of these patients.

Both the NLR and PLR, as well as C-reactive protein, predicted mortality in this critically ill population. The PLR and NLR are easy-to-measure, inexpensive markers. Physicians should be aware of elevations in PLR and NLR in patient care in ICUs.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Patients in intensive care units (ICU) have greater morbidity and mortality. We aimed to study neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the ICU population. METHODS: Medical and laboratory data of patients treated in ICU were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into deceased and survived groups. RESULTS: The NLR of survived and deceased groups were 3.6 (0.2-31) and 9.5 (1-40), respectively (p<0.001). The PLR of the survived group (111 [16-537]) was significantly lower than the PLR of the deceased (209 [52-1143]), (p<0.001). An NLR higher than 4.9 had 84% sensitivity and 67% specificity is selecting deceased patients (AUC:0.80, p<0.001). A PLR higher than 112 had 83% sensitivity and 52% specificity in predicting deadly cases (AUC:0.76, p<0.001). Both PLR and NLR were significantly and positively correlated with c reactive protein levels. CONCLUSION: We suggest that physicians should pay particular attention to the treatment of patients in ICU with elevated NLR and PLR.

Background Calcitonin gene-related peptide release in trigeminovascular system is a pivotal component of neurogenic inflammation underlying migraine pathophysiology. Transient receptor potential channels and voltage-gated KCNQ/Kv7 potassium channels expressed throughout trigeminovascular system are important targets for modulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide release. We investigated the effects of certain transient receptor potential (TRP) channels the vanilloid 1 and 4 (TRPV1 and TRPV4), the ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), and metastatin type 8 (TRPM8), and voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv7) opener retigabine on calcitonin gene-related peptide release from peripheral (dura mater and trigeminal ganglion) and central (trigeminal nucleus caudalis) trigeminal components of rats. Methods The experiments were carried out using well-established in-vitro preparations (hemiskull, trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal nucleus caudalis) from male Wistar rats. Agonists and antagonists of TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels, and also retigabine were tested on the in-vitro release of calcitonin gene-related peptide. Calcitonin gene-related peptide concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Agonists of these transient receptor potential channels induced calcitonin gene-related peptide release from hemiskull, trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal nucleus caudalis, respectively. The transient receptor potential channels-induced calcitonin gene-related peptide releases were blocked by their specific antagonists and reduced by retigabine. Retigabine also decreased basal calcitonin gene-related peptide releases in all preparations. Conclusion Our findings suggest that favorable antagonists of these transient receptor potential channels, or Kv7 channel opener retigabine may be effective in migraine therapy by inhibiting neurogenic inflammation that requires calcitonin gene-related peptide release.

The first pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case was confirmed in Shenzhen, China on January 20, 2020. At the beginning of the outbreak, COVID-19 pneumonia was more common in adults than in children and adolescents, and the rate of confirmed pediatric cases was relatively lower. However, as screening tests and pathogen detection campaigns were initiated in more regions as the outbreak spread, the number of pediatric infection cases increased significantly. Currently, studies on pediatric COVID-19 are limited in the literature to case reports and case series, and a few epidemiological studies. COVID-19 has distinct characteristics in the pediatric population compared to adults; therefore, we need to better understand the characteristics of this disease in children. Discovering the characteristics of the pediatric COVID-19 disease is important for contributing to the diagnosis and treatment of the disease in this population. In this review, clinical characteristics, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of pediatric COVID-19 pneumonia based on the recent literature are discussed. [ Pediatr Ann . 2020;49(7):e319–e325.]