Soil water is an important link in the transformation of the “five waters”, which determines the growth and production of crops. Mastering the scientific infiltration law is a key link to promote agricultural development. Based on the existing research results, this paper systematically summarizes the basic theories, test methods, influencing factors, simulation equations, prediction models and other results of soil water infiltration research at home and abroad so far, and discusses the future research development direction.

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In these years, with the increasingly serious human damage to the water environment, the world is seeing a more gloom prospect for water pollution control, and non-point-source pollution accounts for the major cause of water pollution. Currently, establishing non-point-source pollution load models to simulate the formation, transfer and load capacity of the non-point sources has become a major solution to control and treatment of non-point source pollution. The present study selected two classic basin-scale non-point source pollution distribution models — SWAT and HSPF, introduced their respective structures and application, and compared comparative analysis. The existing challenges and development trend of non-point source pollution models in China were also explored.

Biochar is an environmentally friendly soil amendment produced by pyrolysis of biomass such as agricultural and forestry wastes or animal manure under anaerobic or highly anaerobic conditions. Due to its good physical structure and rich surface properties, it has gradually become a research hotspot in agricultural soil improvement. Based on the existing research results at home and abroad, this article systematically summarizes the properties of biochar, the production process and the mechanism of agricultural soil improvement so far. At the same time, the future scientific research on the effect of biochar in the field of agricultural soil improvement is put forward, aiming to provide a reference for it in the field of agricultural soil improvement.