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The present research examined the influence of perceived ownership (self/other) and perceived chooser (self/other) of stocks on brain activity, and investigated whether differential brain responses to stock outcomes as a result of perceived differences in ownership of stock would be modulated by perceived chooser of stock. We used a 2 (stock chooser: self, other) × 2 (stock owner: self, other) within-subject design to represent four types of chooser-owner relationships. Brain potentials were recorded while participants observed increasing and decreasing stock prices. Results showed that observations of stock outcomes among four types of chooser-owner relationships elicited differentiated feedback-related negativity (d-FRN: differences in FRN waves between losses and gains, reflecting violations of expectancy to stock outcomes): (1) Self-chosen-other-owned stocks evoked significantly larger d-FRN discrepancies than self-chosen-self-owned stocks, indicating a greater expectancy violation to others' losses than to one's own, demonstrating a reversed ownership effect. Moreover, people high in conscientiousness showed an increase in this trend, suggesting a stronger other-consideration; (2) Self-chosen-self-owned stocks and other-chosen-self-owned stocks revealed no significant d-FRN discrepancy, showing no choosership effect beyond the ownership effect; (3) Other-chosen-self-owned stocks evoked a significantly stronger d-FRN discrepancy than other-chosen-other-owned stocks, demonstrating an ownership effect; (4) Self-chosen-other-owned stocks evoked a significantly stronger d-FRN discrepancy than other-chosen-other-owned stocks, revealing a choosership effect. These findings suggest that the ownership effect could be reversed by conscientiousness induced by perceived choosership in the agency relationship, while the choosership effect is attenuated and even disappears under the influence of perceived ownership.

Although several patterning methods, such as lithography, spray-masking and laser cutting, have been used for facile fabrication of those devices, the complicated processing and excessive material consumption in these protocols limit the scalable production of flexible devices. [4] So far, it remains a significant challenge to achieve multifunctional devices such as EMI shielding, [5] Joule heater, [6] sensor, [7][8][9] radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, [10] and energy storage unit [11] by using simple and low-cost methods. In addition, seeking a suitable material is vital to develop and design high-performance multifunctional devices in low cost.Recent progress in liquid-phase exfoliation of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials has highlighted the rational design of functional inks for additive manufacturing of high-performance devices with complex architectures based on printing strategies, such as screen printing, gravure printing and inkjet printing. [12] Screen printing among them is of critical importance to manufacture integrated multifunctional devices by formulating functional inks, without using expensive and complicate equipment. [13] Specially, screen printing provides the highest deposition rate (per unit time deposition material weight) than other printing technologies. [14] One of the main challenges lies in formulation of functional inks with appropriate rheological properties, which are prerequisite for screenprinting multifunctional devices with high resolution. [15,16] As a new family of 2D layered transition metal carbides or nitrides, MXenes have become promising candidate for formulation of printable inks because of their remarkable electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. [17] Generally, MXenes are usually synthesized by selectively etching A layer in the precursor of MAX phase. They can be represented by M n+1 X n T x , where M is the early transition metal, X stands for carbon and/ or nitrogen, and T x represents the terminal hydroxyl, oxygen, or fluorine groups. [18,19] As a result, MXenes offer solution processing capabilities owing to their superior hydrophilicity and high negative surface charge. [20] Clay-like behavior of MXene slurry and the formation of stable colloidal suspension have thus facilitated the fabrication of conducting films, nanocomposites, coatings and fibers for applications in energy MXenes have exhibited potential for application in flexible devices owing to their remarkable electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. Printing strategies have emerged as a facile route for additive manufacturing of MXene-based devices, which relies on the rational design of functional inks with appropriate rheological properties. Herein, aqueous MXene/xanthan gum hybrid inks with tunable viscosity, excellent printability, and long-term stability are designed. Screen-printed flexible MXene films using such hybrid inks exhibit a high conductivity up to 4.8 × 10 4 S m −1 , which is suitable to construct multifunctional devices mainly including electromagnetic shield...

High-efficiency electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and heat dissipation synergy materials with flexible, robust, and environmental stability are urgently demanded in nextgeneration integration electronic devices. In this work, we report the lamellar MXene/Aramid nanofiber (ANF) composite films, which establish a nacre-like structure for EMI shielding and heat dissipation by using the intermittent filtration strategy. The MXene/ ANF composite film filled with 50 wt % MXene demonstrates enhanced mechanical properties with a strength of 230.5 MPa, an elongation at break of 6.2%, and a toughness of 11.8 MJ•m 3 (50 wt % MXene). These remarkable properties are attributed to the hydrogen bonding and highly oriented structure. Furthermore, due to the formation of the MXene conductive network, the MXene/ANF composite film shows an outstanding conductivity of 624.6 S/cm, an EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 44.0 dB, and a superior specific SE value (SSE/t) of 18847.6 dB•cm 2 /g, which is better than the vacuum filtration film. Moreover, the MXene/ANF composite film also shows a great thermal conductivity of 0.43 W/m•K. The multifunctional MXene/ANF composite films with high-performance EMI shielding, heat dissipation, and joule heating show great potential in the field of aerospace, military, microelectronics, microcircuit, and smart wearable electronics.