Background: CtCel5E can degrade both cellulose and hemicellulose (xylan). Results: X-ray crystallography and site-directed mutagenesis were used to assess the roles of the active-site residues in CtCel5E. Conclusion: A flexible loop and other residues participate in substrate discrimination. Significance: This study provides the mechanisms of substrate recognition and a blueprint for engineering CtCel5E.

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Abstract-Luby Transform (LT) codes are more important in communication applications due to the characteristics of fast encoding/decoding process, and low complexity. However, LT codes are optimal only when the number of input symbols is close to infinity. Some researches modified the degree distribution of LT codes to make LT codes suitable for short symbol length. In this article, we propose an optimal coding algorithm to recover all of the encoded symbols for LT codes quickly. The proposed algorithm observes the coding status of each client and increases the coding performance by changing the transmission sequence of low-degree and high-degree encoding packets. Simulation results show that the resulting decoding overhead of our algorithm are lower than the traditional LT codes, and our algorithm is very appropriate to server various clients in the broadcasting channel environment.

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