The porphyrin-ferrocene conjugates ( P-nFc; n = 1, 2 and 4 ), which are simple examples of a donor-acceptor charge separation system, were synthesized. Their photoindued intramolecular and intermolecular processes have been investigated by time-resolved emission and nanosecond transient absorption techniques. Upon excitation of the porphyrins ( H 2P and ZnP ) moieties, an efficient fluorescence quenching of the excited singlet porphyrin is observed. It was found that the quenching efficiency increases with increasing number of attached ferrocene moieties and solvent polarity. The main quenching pathway involves (i) electron transfer from ferrocene to the singlet excited porphyrin and (ii) the heavy-atom effect.
The syntheses, characterizations and transformations of three tetraphenylporphyrins derived from methoxymethylated benzaldehyde 3 are described. Benzaldehyde 3 reacted with pyrrole under Lewis acid catalysis to give dipyrromethane 4 which was used as precursor in porphyrin syntheses. Porphyrins 6, αα-7 and αβ-7 were obtained using conditions for sterically encumbered benzaldehydes, with αα-7 and αβ-7 being atropisomers. The methoxymethyl groups of 6, αα-7 and αβ-7 were transformed into bromomethyl substituents (porphyrins 8, αα-9 and αβ-9) which were easily modified by nucleophilic reaction with the azide anion. Porphyrin azide 10 was subjected to a Staudinger phosphazene formation with triphenylphosphine. Subsequent reaction of the porphyrin phosphazene 12 with carboxylic acids gave acetamide 13, benzamide 14, and ferrocene carboxamide 15, respectively. Kornblum oxidation of monobromomethyl porphyrin 8 gave the formyl derivative 16.
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