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This research aimed to identify the opinion of the respondents in agricultural extension role in the field of production and marketing of medicinal and aromatic plants in researching, their knowledge, and applying the recommendations. For this research, conducted in New Valley Governorate, a random sample of 99 respondents (representing 7% of total 1410 farmers) was selected. The field data was collected by personal interview through a questionnaire form during February and March 2022.The presentation of results and data analysis used the tabular presentation by frequency, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, mean score, simple correlation coefficient, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and the correlational and multiple graded ascending regression analysis model.

Background: Prehypertension is a pre-disease state wherein an individual has a blood pressure (BP) measurement above normal (≥120/80 mmHg) but below the hypertensive range (<140/90 mmHg). Large population-based studies have shown that individuals with a BP in the prehypertensive range have an increased risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular events. Despite these risks and high mortality rates associated with pre-hypertension, there are currently no reviews that define the prevalence of pre-hypertension in the Saudi population. Objective: To determine the magnitude of the pre-hypertension problem among Saudi adults and identify areas for future research based on the current gaps in the literature. Methods: This narrative review considers studies addressing the prevalence of pre-hypertension among Saudi adults; 8 studies were identified for this review. Results: In total, 14,782 men and women participated in these studies. The overall prevalence of pre-hypertension in both sexes ranged from 18.5-54.9%. Men had higher rates of pre-hypertension (24.7-66.1%) than women (7-48.1%).A modifiable risk factor reported in the majority of the studies was increased adiposity. Conclusion: Lifestyle changes to reduce weight may be effective in preventing or at least delaying the progression to hypertension and its associated cardiovascular events. Large, prospective, epidemiological studies are needed to estimate the risk of incident hypertension and cardiovascular events in pre-hypertension patients. Randomized clinical trials are also needed to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification and/or pharmacotherapy in reducing the risk of incident hypertension.

The research aimed to identify the current and future role of agricultural extension centers in providing services to farmers from their viewpoint in the following areas: Agricultural production, animal production, irrigation water rationalization, environmental preservation, small industries, women's development, community awareness, health and population, the problems that the extension centers encounter in providing related services to the farmers from their perspective. The research was carried out in El Kharga and El Dakhla Centers, the New Valley Governorate. A randomized, systemic sample of 216 respondents represented 5% of the total sample of 4324 farmers who hold agricultural lands in the selected villages. Field data were collected by personal interview in a questionnaire form, and several statistical methods were used in data analysis, starting with tabular presentation i.e. the Replicates, the Percentages, Arithmetic mean, Standard deviation, and the average degree. The most important results showed that 78.6% of the total respondents fall into the categories of current low and medium role of agricultural extension centers in providing services to farmers in the research area, with an overall average score of 1.22 degrees and 84.7% of the total respondents fall into the categories of the medium and high future role of agricultural extension centers in providing services to them, with an average score of 2.41 degree. The problems extension centers mostly face with serving the farmers are an insufficient number of engineers working in the center by 100%, and a shortage of specialists in some areas of agricultural production of 97.7%.