With the rapid development of network technology and cloud computing, more and more organizations and users outsource their data into the cloud server. In order to protect data privacy, the sensitive data have to be encrypted, which increases the heavy computational overhead and brings great challenges to resource-constraint devices. In this paper, we propose secure index based on counting Bloom filter (CBF) for ranked multiple keywords search. In the proposed scheme, several algorithms are designed to maintain and lookup CBF, while a pruning algorithm is used to delete the repeated items for saving the space. Besides, the relevance scores are encrypted by the Paillier cryptosystem. It ensures that the same relevance scores are encrypted into different bits, which can resist the statistical analyses on the ciphertext of the relevance scores. Moreover, since the Paillier cryptosystem supports the homomorphic addition of ciphertext without the knowledge of the private key, the major computing work in ranking could be moved from user side to the cloud server side. Therefore, the proposed scheme has huge potentials in resource-constraint mobile devices such as 5G mobile terminals. Security analyses prove that the proposed scheme can prevent the information leakage. Experiment results guarantee that computation overhead of the proposed scheme in user side is low.INDEX TERMS Resource-constraint devices, secure index, data privacy, cloud computing, counting Bloom filter.
In the electricity market where the renewable energy quota system is implemented on the electricity selling side, the electricity selling company can complete the quota of consumption and realize profit through electricity trading, consumption trading, green certificate trading and other forms. Based on the all day renewable energy generation curve trading mode, this paper puts forward the corresponding trading rules, which can effectively promote the active consumption of renewable energy in the power selling side. This paper comprehensively compares the trading income of electricity selling companies in electricity market, green certificate market and transferable load market. Aiming at the maximum profit, it studies the operating strategy of electricity selling companies, which can provide reference for multi market trading decision-making of electricity selling companies.
BackgroundHypercalcemia induced by multiple myeloma (MM) affects the biological functions of excitable and non-excitable cells. However, red blood cells (RBCs) regulatory effect on calcium in hypercalcemia is still not fully understood.MethodsA total of 113 patients with MM osteolytic lesions were studied retrospectively. Flow cytometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy were used to detect calcium content. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to investigate protein expression. GEO and miRNA databases were used to screen miRNAs. Exosomal miR-4261 migration was investigated by Transwell assay. Dual-luciferase assays confirmed the targeting relationship between miR-4261 and ATP2B4. An RBC oxidative stress model was constructed, and Omega-Agatoxin IVA was used to study the role of plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase 4 (PMCA4) in RBCs.ResultsThe results showed that MM RBCs had calcium overload, and serum calcium levels increased as the number of RBCs decreased. The expression of PMCA4 in MM RBCs was significantly lower than in normal RBCs. The exosomal miR-4261 produced by MM cells could be transferred to RBCs to downregulate the expression of ATP2B4.ConclusionsStudies have confirmed that RBCs experience calcium overload in MM with osteolytic lesions, which is related to the downregulation of ATP2B4 by MM exosomal miR-4261.
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